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1. Paper 1: Personal Portfolio
2. Paper 2: Externally Set Assignment
3. Drawing and Painting
4. Mixed Media
5. Photography and Digital Imagery
6. Three-Dimensional Studies

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1. Planet Earth
2. The Lunar Disc
3. The Earth-Moon-Sun System
4. Time & the Calendar
5. Solar System Observation
6. Celestial Observation
7. Early Models of the Solar System
8. Planetary Motion & Gravity
9. Exploring the Moon
10. Solar Astronomy
11. Exploring the Solar System
12. Formation of Planetary Systems
13. Stars
14. Galaxies & Cosmology

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1. Cell Biology Where does a bacterium keep its DNA?
2. Organisation Why does too much heat slow an enzyme?
3. Infection & Response How does a vaccine protect you?
4. Bioenergetics Why does extra light stop helping?
5. Homeostasis & Response How can you move before you think?
6. Inheritance, Variation & Evolution Why doesn't a baby get double the chromosomes?
7. Ecology What are plants in a wood fighting over?

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1. Key Concepts in Biology Where does a bacterium keep its DNA?
2. Cells & Control Where do the new cells in a cut come from?
3. Genetics Why doesn't a baby get double the chromosomes?
4. Natural Selection & Genetic Modification Why was natural selection so slow to win?
5. Health, Disease & Medicines What gets into your body each time?
6. Plant Structures & Functions Why does extra light stop helping?
7. Animal Coordination & Homeostasis Why would your body use a slow messenger?
8. Exchange & Transport in Animals Why can't big organisms rely on diffusion alone?
9. Ecosystems & Material Cycles Why do predator and prey numbers cycle?

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1. Cell Level Systems Where does a bacterium keep its DNA?
2. Scaling Up Where do the new cells in a cut come from?
3. Organism Level Systems How can you move before you think?
4. Community Level Systems Where does the carbon in a rotting leaf go?
5. Genes, Inheritance & Selection How can a child show a feature neither parent has?
6. Global Challenges How do we keep a growing world fed?
7. Practical Skills What colour would each powder turn?

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1. Cell biology Where does a bacterium keep its DNA?
2. Transport systems Why can't big organisms rely on diffusion alone?
3. Health, disease and the development of medicine What gets into your body each time?
4. Coordination and control How can you move before you think?
5. Photosynthesis Where does a tree get its carbon?
6. Ecosystems What are plants in a wood fighting over?
7. Inheritance, variation and evolution How can half a DNA molecule rebuild the rest?

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1. Cells Where does a bacterium keep its DNA?
2. Photosynthesis & Plants Where does a tree get its carbon?
3. Nutrition & Health What colour would each powder turn?
4. Enzymes & Digestion Why does too much heat slow an enzyme?
5. Breathing & Respiration Why keep panting after the race?
6. Coordination & Control How can you move before you think?
7. Ecological Relationships Why do food chains stop after a few links?
8. Osmosis & Plant Transport Why does one potato gain mass and one lose it?
9. Chromosomes, Genes & DNA How can half a DNA molecule rebuild the rest?
10. Cell Division & Genetics Why doesn't a baby get double the chromosomes?
11. Reproduction & Fertility How does the body keep time without a clock?
12. Variation & Selection Genes, life, or both: where do differences come from?

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1. Characteristics & Classification A car moves and burns fuel. Why isn't it alive?
2. Organisation of the Organism Where does a bacterium keep its DNA?
3. Movement Into & Out of Cells Why does one potato gain mass and one lose it?
4. Biological Molecules What colour would each powder turn?
5. Enzymes Why does too much heat slow an enzyme?
6. Plant Nutrition Where does a tree get its carbon?
7. Human Nutrition What is your food broken down into?
8. Transport in Plants What pulls water up a tree?
9. Transport in Animals Why is your heart two unequal pumps?
10. Diseases & Immunity How does a vaccine protect you?
11. Gas Exchange & Respiration Why keep panting after the race?
12. Coordination & Response How can you move before you think?

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1. Nature & Variety of Living Organisms A car moves and burns fuel. Why isn't it alive?
2. Structures & Functions in Living Organisms What are a plant cell's three extra parts for?
3. Reproduction & Inheritance Same job, so why do flowers look so different?
4. Ecology & the Environment How do you count daisies without counting?
5. Use of Biological Resources Why pump extra carbon dioxide into a glasshouse?

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1. Business in the Real World
2. Influences on Business
3. Business Operations
4. Human Resources
5. Marketing
6. Finance

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1. Investigating Small Business
2. Building a Business

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1. Business Activity, Marketing and People
2. Operations, Finance and Influences on Business

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1. Understanding Business Activity
2. People in Business
3. Marketing
4. Operations Management
5. Financial Information and Decisions
6. External Influences on Business Activity

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1. Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table Why is oxygen easy to get from air, not water?
2. Bonding, Structure & Properties Why does molten salt light the bulb?
3. Quantitative Chemistry Where does the extra mass come from?
4. Chemical Changes Why does carbon work for iron but not aluminium?
5. Energy Changes Why does a burning match need a push?
6. Rate & Extent of Change What decides how fast a reaction goes?
7. Organic Chemistry How do you sort a liquid of many molecules?
8. Chemical Analysis What does 'pure' mean to a chemist?
9. Chemistry of the Atmosphere Where did the early carbon dioxide go?
10. Using Resources How do you judge a product's whole impact?

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1. Key Concepts in Chemistry Why is chlorine 35.5 on the periodic table?
2. States of Matter & Mixtures Did the water particles swell up?
3. Chemical Changes Why do only some acid reactions fizz?
4. Extracting Metals & Equilibria Why does carbon work for iron but not aluminium?
5. Separate Chemistry 1 Why let one metal corrode to save another?
6. Groups in the Periodic Table Why are Group 1 metals not equally reactive?
7. Rates of Reaction & Energy Changes What decides how fast a reaction goes?
8. Fuels & Earth Science How do you sort a liquid of many molecules?
9. Separate Chemistry 2 How can a lab name a mystery powder?

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1. Particles Did the water particles swell up?
2. Elements, Compounds & Mixtures How can paper pull an ink apart?
3. Chemical Reactions Where does the extra mass come from?
4. Predicting & Identifying Reactions Why are Group 1 metals not equally reactive?
5. Monitoring & Controlling Reactions How can you find an unknown concentration?
6. Global Challenges How do you judge a product's whole impact?
7. Practical Skills

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1. Pure substances and mixtures What does 'pure' mean to a chemist?
2. Particles and atomic structure Why is chlorine 35.5 on the periodic table?
3. Chemical formulae, equations and amount of substance What decides the little numbers in a formula?
4. The Periodic Table and properties of elements How did breaking his own rule help Mendeleev?
5. Bonding, structure and properties Why does molten salt light the bulb?
6. Reactivity series and extraction of metals What single property ranks every metal?
7. Chemistry of acids Why do only some acid reactions fizz?
8. Energy changes in chemistry Why does a burning match need a push?
9. Rate of chemical change and dynamic equilibrium What decides how fast a reaction goes?
10. Carbon compounds How do you sort a liquid of many molecules?
11. Production, use and disposal of important chemicals and materials Why do ammonia plants run so hot?
12. The Earth and its atmosphere Where did the early carbon dioxide go?

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1. Atomic Structure Why is chlorine 35.5 on the periodic table?
2. Bonding & Structure Why does molten salt light the bulb?
3. Formulae & Equations What decides the little numbers in a formula?
4. Quantitative Chemistry How do you count atoms by weighing?
5. The Periodic Table How did breaking his own rule help Mendeleev?
6. Acids, Bases & Salts Why do only some acid reactions fizz?
7. Metals & Reactivity Series What single property ranks every metal?
8. Redox, Rusting & Iron What do 'oxidation' and 'reduction' really mean?
9. Tests for Ions & Gases How can a lab name a mystery powder?
10. Organic Chemistry How do you sort a liquid of many molecules?
11. Rates of Reaction & Equilibrium What decides how fast a reaction goes?
12. Materials Why does particle size change how sun cream works?

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1. States of Matter Did the water particles swell up?
2. Atoms, Elements & Compounds Why is chlorine 35.5 on the periodic table?
3. Stoichiometry Why can't you change water's formula?
4. Electrochemistry Why does water change the product?
5. Chemical Energetics Why does a burning match need a push?
6. Chemical Reactions What decides how fast a reaction goes?
7. Acids, Bases & Salts Why do only some acid reactions fizz?
8. The Periodic Table Why are Group 1 metals not equally reactive?
9. Metals What single property ranks every metal?
10. Chemistry of the Environment How does river water become safe to drink?
11. Organic Chemistry How do you sort a liquid of many molecules?
12. Experimental Techniques & Analysis How can paper pull an ink apart?

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1. Principles of Chemistry Why is oxygen easy to get from air, not water?
2. Inorganic Chemistry Why are Group 1 metals not equally reactive?
3. Physical Chemistry Why does a burning match need a push?
4. Organic Chemistry How do you sort a liquid of many molecules?

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1. Fundamentals Of Algorithms Why does the Tube map ignore real distances, yet still work?
2. Programming How does a game turn 135 seconds into 2:15 on its timer?
3. Fundamentals Of Data Representation Web colours look like #FF8C00. Why letters and numbers?
4. Computer Systems: Logic and Software "Tea or coffee?" Would a computer's OR let you have both?
5. Systems architecture ENIAC took days to reprogram. Your phone swaps apps instantly. Why?
6. Computer Networks If networks spread viruses, why does every school connect its PCs?
7. Cyber Security In 2020, hackers hijacked famous Twitter accounts. What did they hack?
8. Relational Databases & SQL Two students called Amy Khan: how does a database tell them apart?
9. Ethical Legal & Environmental Impacts Logging in with a friend's password just to look: is it a crime?

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1. Computational Thinking Why does the Tube map ignore real distances, yet still work?
2. Data Representation Web colours look like #FF8C00. Why letters and numbers?
3. Computers ENIAC took days to reprogram. Your phone swaps apps instantly. Why?
4. Networks If networks spread viruses, why does every school connect its PCs?
5. Issues & Impact In 2020, hackers hijacked famous Twitter accounts. What did they hack?
6. Programming How does a game turn 135 seconds into 2:15 on its timer?
7. Problem Solving With Programming You typed 41, not 14, for your age. Why did the form accept it?

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1. Systems Architecture ENIAC took days to reprogram. Your phone swaps apps instantly. Why?
2. Memory & Storage Pull the plug and unsaved work is gone. So how does it boot?
3. Data storage and compression Web colours look like #FF8C00. Why letters and numbers?
4. Networks & Topologies If networks spread viruses, why does every school connect its PCs?
5. Network Security In 2020, hackers hijacked famous Twitter accounts. What did they hack?
6. Systems Software One CPU core, three apps at once. How is that possible?
7. Ethical Legal Cultural Issues Logging in with a friend's password just to look: is it a crime?
8. Algorithms Why does the Tube map ignore real distances, yet still work?
9. Programming Fundamentals How does a game turn 135 seconds into 2:15 on its timer?
10. Producing Robust Programs You typed 41, not 14, for your age. Why did the form accept it?
11. Boolean Logic "Tea or coffee?" Would a computer's OR let you have both?
12. Programming Languages & IDEs Why write a 1999 hit game almost entirely in assembly?

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1. Hardware ENIAC took days to reprogram. Your phone swaps apps instantly. Why?
2. Logical operations "Tea or coffee?" Would a computer's OR let you have both?
3. Networking If networks spread viruses, why does every school connect its PCs?
4. Cybersecurity In 2020, hackers hijacked famous Twitter accounts. What did they hack?
5. Data representation and storage Web colours look like #FF8C00. Why letters and numbers?
6. Operating systems and utilities One CPU core, three apps at once. How is that possible?
7. Languages, translators and IDEs Why write a 1999 hit game almost entirely in assembly?
8. Algorithms Why does the Tube map ignore real distances, yet still work?
9. Programming and data organisation How does a game turn 135 seconds into 2:15 on its timer?
10. Impacts of digital technology on wider society Logging in with a friend's password just to look: is it a crime?

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1. Data Representation Web colours look like #FF8C00. Why letters and numbers?
2. Data Transmission How does a video arrive in order if its pieces take different routes?
3. Hardware ENIAC took days to reprogram. Your phone swaps apps instantly. Why?
4. Input and output devices and sensors Your phone screen feels your finger but not your glove. Why?
5. Software One CPU core, three apps at once. How is that possible?
6. The Internet & Its Uses Routers only use numbers. How does a typed web address find its site?
7. Automated & Emerging Technologies Nobody touches the greenhouse. So what turns the water on?
8. Algorithm Design & Problem Solving Why does the Tube map ignore real distances, yet still work?
9. Programming How does a game turn 135 seconds into 2:15 on its timer?
10. Databases Two students called Amy Khan: how does a database tell them apart?
11. Boolean Logic "Tea or coffee?" Would a computer's OR let you have both?

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1. Problem solving Why does the Tube map ignore real distances, yet still work?
2. Programming How does a game turn 135 seconds into 2:15 on its timer?
3. Binary and data representation Web colours look like #FF8C00. Why letters and numbers?
4. Data storage, compression and encryption How can a file shrink but still open exactly as before?
5. Computers: hardware and models Jams appear with no crash. How can a computer predict one?
6. Logic, software and programming languages "Tea or coffee?" Would a computer's OR let you have both?
7. Networks and the internet If networks spread viruses, why does every school connect its PCs?
8. Network security In 2020, hackers hijacked famous Twitter accounts. What did they hack?
9. The bigger picture Logging in with a friend's password just to look: is it a crime?

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1. How Markets Work
2. How the Economy Works

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1. Economic Objectives and the Role of Government
2. How the Market Works
3. International Trade and the Global Economy
4. Introduction to Economics

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1. Introduction to Economics
2. The Role of Markets and Money
3. Economic Objectives and the Role of Government
4. International Trade and the Global Economy

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1. Paper 1: Explorations in Creative Reading and Writing
2. Paper 2: Writers' Viewpoints and Perspectives
3. Non-examination Assessment: Spoken Language Endorsement

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1. Paper 1: Fiction and Imaginative Writing
2. Paper 2: Non-fiction and Transactional Writing
3. Component 3: Spoken Language Endorsement

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1. Paper 1: Communicating Information and Ideas
2. Paper 2: Exploring Effects and Impact
3. Non-exam Assessment: Spoken Language Endorsement

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1. Component 1: 20th Century Literature Reading and Creative Prose Writing
2. Component 2: 19th and 21st Century Non-Fiction Reading and Transactional/Persuasive Writing

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1. Unit 1: Writing for Purpose and Audience and Reading to Access Non-fiction and Media Texts
2. Unit 2: Speaking and Listening
3. Unit 3: Studying Spoken and Written Language
4. Unit 4: Personal or Creative Writing and Reading Literary and Non-fiction Texts

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1. Paper 1: Non-fiction Texts and Transactional Writing
2. Paper 2: Poetry and Prose Texts and Imaginative Writing
3. Component 3: Spoken Language Endorsement

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1. Paper 1: Shakespeare and the 19th-century Novel
2. Paper 2: Modern Texts and Poetry
3. Poetry Anthology: Power and Conflict / Love and Relationships
4. Unseen Poetry
5. Macbeth
6. A Christmas Carol
7. An Inspector Calls
8. Power & Conflict Anthology

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1. Paper 1: Shakespeare and Post-1914 Literature
2. Paper 2: 19th-century Novel and Poetry since 1789
3. Poetry Anthology Collection
4. Unseen Poetry
5. A Christmas Carol
6. An Inspector Calls
7. Romeo and Juliet

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1. Paper 1: Exploring Modern and Literary Heritage Texts
2. Paper 2: Exploring Poetry and Shakespeare
3. Poetry Anthology: Love and Relationships / Conflict / Youth and Age
4. Unseen Poetry
5. Macbeth
6. An Inspector Calls
7. Animal Farm
8. Love & Relationships Anthology

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1. Component 1: Shakespeare & Poetry
2. Component 2: Post-1914 Prose/Drama, 19th Century Prose & Unseen Poetry

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1. Unit 1: The Study of Prose
2. Unit 2: The Study of Drama and Poetry
3. Unit 3: The Study of Shakespeare (Controlled Assessment)

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1. Paper 1: Poetry and Modern Prose
2. Paper 2: Modern Drama and Literary Heritage Texts
3. Unseen Poetry
4. Coursework

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1. Paper 1: Reading
2. Paper 2: Directed Writing and Composition
3. Component 3: Coursework Portfolio
4. Component 4: Speaking and Listening

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1. Grammar 1: Building blocks
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people
4. Grammar 4: Plans and opinions
5. Grammar 5: The perfect tense
6. Grammar 6: Perfect & imperfect
7. Grammar 7: Future & conditional
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas
9. Grammar 9: Higher-tier structures
10. Grammar 10: Sounds & exam technique

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1. Grammar 1: Building blocks
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people
4. Grammar 4: Plans and opinions
5. Grammar 5: The perfect tense
6. Grammar 6: Perfect & imperfect
7. Grammar 7: Future & conditional
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas
9. Grammar 9: Higher-tier structures
10. Grammar 10: Sounds & exam technique

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1. Grammar 1: Building blocks
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people
4. Grammar 4: Plans and opinions
5. Grammar 5: The perfect tense
6. Grammar 6: Perfect & imperfect
7. Grammar 7: Future & conditional
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas
9. Grammar 9: Higher-tier structures
10. Grammar 10: Sounds & exam technique

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1. Grammar 1: Building blocks
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people
4. Grammar 4: Plans and opinions
5. Grammar 5: The perfect tense
6. Grammar 6: Perfect & imperfect
7. Grammar 7: Future & conditional
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas
9. Grammar 9: Advanced structures
10. Grammar 10: Sounds & exam technique

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1. Grammar 1: Building blocks
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people
4. Grammar 4: Plans and opinions
5. Grammar 5: The perfect tense
6. Grammar 6: Perfect & imperfect
7. Grammar 7: Future & conditional
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas
9. Grammar 9: Advanced structures
10. Grammar 10: Sounds & exam technique

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1. The Challenge of Natural Hazards
2. The Living World
3. Physical Landscapes in the UK
4. Urban Issues & Challenges
5. The Changing Economic World
6. The Challenge of Resource Management
7. Geographical Applications (Issue Evaluation & Fieldwork)
8. Geographical Skills

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1. The Changing Landscapes of the UK
2. Weather Hazards & Climate Change
3. Ecosystems, Biodiversity & Management
4. Changing Cities
5. Global Development
6. Resource Management
7. Geographical Investigations: Fieldwork
8. Geographical Investigations: UK Challenges

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1. Global Hazards
2. Changing Climate
3. Distinctive Landscapes
4. Sustaining Ecosystems
5. Urban Futures
6. Dynamic Development
7. UK in the 21st Century
8. Resource Reliance
9. Geographical Skills & Fieldwork

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1. Landscapes and Physical Processes
2. Rural-Urban Links
3. Coastal Hazards and their Management
4. Weather and Climate
5. Ecosystems and Biomes
6. Development and Resource Issues
7. Uneven Development, Aid and Interdependence
8. Environmental Challenges

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1. River Environments
2. Coastal Environments
3. Our Changing Weather & Climate
4. The Restless Earth
5. Population & Migration
6. Changing Urban Areas
7. Contrasts in World Development
8. Managing Our Environment
9. Fieldwork

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1. Population & Settlement
2. The Natural Environment
3. Economic Development
4. Geographical Skills
5. Coursework / Alternative to Coursework (Fieldwork)

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1. River Environments
2. Coastal Environments
3. Hazardous Environments
4. Economic Activity & Energy
5. Rural Environments
6. Urban Environments
7. Fragile Environments
8. Globalisation & Migration
9. Development & Human Welfare

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1. Grammar 1: Building blocks
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people
4. Grammar 4: Cases and word order
5. Grammar 5: Plans and opinions
6. Grammar 6: The perfect tense
7. Grammar 7: Imperfect and past narration
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas
9. Grammar 9: Higher-tier structures
10. Grammar 10: Sounds and exam technique

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1. Grammar 1: Building blocks
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people
4. Grammar 4: Cases and word order
5. Grammar 5: Plans and opinions
6. Grammar 6: The perfect tense
7. Grammar 7: Imperfect and past narration
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas
9. Grammar 9: Higher-tier structures
10. Grammar 10: Sounds and exam technique

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1. Grammar 1: Building blocks
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people
4. Grammar 4: Cases and word order
5. Grammar 5: Plans and opinions
6. Grammar 6: The perfect tense
7. Grammar 7: Imperfect and past narration
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas
9. Grammar 9: Advanced structures
10. Grammar 10: Sounds and exam technique

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1. Grammar 1: Building blocks
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people
4. Grammar 4: Cases and word order
5. Grammar 5: Plans and opinions
6. Grammar 6: The perfect tense
7. Grammar 7: Imperfect and past narration
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas
9. Grammar 9: Advanced structures
10. Grammar 10: Sounds and exam technique

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1. Conflict & Tension 1894-1918
2. Conflict & Tension 1918-1939
3. Conflict & Tension between East & West 1945-1972
4. America 1840-1895: Expansion & Consolidation
5. Germany 1890-1945: Democracy & Dictatorship
6. Britain: Health & the People c1000 to Present Day
7. Power & the People c1170 to Present Day
8. Norman England c1066-c1100
9. Elizabethan England c1568-1603

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1. Medicine in Britain c1250-Present & British Sector of the Western Front
2. Crime & Punishment c1000-Present & Whitechapel c1870-1900
3. Warfare & British Society c1250-Present
4. Anglo-Saxon & Norman England c1060-88
5. Early Elizabethan England 1558-88
6. Henry VIII & His Ministers 1509-40
7. Weimar & Nazi Germany 1918-39
8. Russia & the Soviet Union 1917-41
9. Superpower Relations & the Cold War 1941-91
10. Conflict in the Middle East 1945-95

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1. International Relations: Changing Superpower Relations 1941-2010
2. The People's Health c1250 to Present
3. Migration to Britain c1000 to c2010
4. Power: Monarchy & Democracy in Britain c1000 to 2014
5. Viking Expansion c750-c1050
6. The Norman Conquest 1065-1087
7. Elizabethans 1580-1603
8. Living Under Nazi Rule 1933-1945
9. Personal Rule to Restoration 1629-1685
10. The Elizabethans 1580–1603

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1. The Elizabethan Age 1558-1603
2. The USA: A Nation of Contrasts 1910-29
3. The Development of the USA 1929-2000
4. Germany in Transition 1919-39
5. The Development of Germany, 1919-1991
6. Conflict and Upheaval: England, 1337-1381
7. Changes in Crime and Punishment in Britain, c.500 to the present day
8. Changes in Health and Medicine in Britain, c.500 to the present day

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1. Life in Nazi Germany 1933-45
2. Life in the United States of America 1920-33
3. Changing Relations: Northern Ireland & its Neighbours 1920-49
4. Changing Relations: Northern Ireland & its Neighbours 1965-98
5. International Relations 1945-2003
6. Peace, War & Neutrality: Britain, NI & Ireland in WWII
7. Russia 1914–41
8. The USA 1918–41

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1. Core Content: The 19th Century 1848-1914
2. Core Content: The 20th Century 1919-1990
3. Depth Study: The First World War 1914-18
4. Depth Study: Germany 1918-45
5. Depth Study: Russia 1905-41
6. Depth Study: USA 1919-41
7. Depth Study: The Second World War in Europe and the Asia-Pacific 1939-45
8. Depth Study: China c.1930–c.1990
9. Depth Study: Israelis & Palestinians since 1945
10. Depth Study: South Africa c.1940–c.1994

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1. Germany: Development of Dictatorship 1918-45
2. The USSR under Stalin 1924-53
3. A World Divided: Superpower Relations 1943-72
4. A Divided Union: USA 1945-70
5. The Vietnam Conflict 1945-75
6. The Cold War 1943-91
7. Changes in Medicine c1848-c1948
8. The Origins & Course of the First World War 1905-18

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1. Paper 1: Poetry and Prose
2. Paper 2: Drama
3. Paper 3: Drama (Open Text)
4. Component 4: Unseen
5. Component 5: Coursework

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1. Number 8 ÷ 2(2 + 2): is the answer 1 or 16?
2. Algebra A square grows 3 cm each way. Is its new area just x² + 9?
3. Ratio Proportion & Rates of Change Paint mixed 3 blue : 2 yellow. 8 L of blue makes how much paint?
4. Geometry & Measures Why can tiles be squares or hexagons but never regular pentagons?
5. Probability A coin lands heads 7 times in a row. Is tails now "due"?
6. Statistics Can asking 1,000 people tell you what a whole country thinks?

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1. Number 8 ÷ 2(2 + 2): is the answer 1 or 16?
2. Algebra A square grows 3 cm each way. Is its new area just x² + 9?
3. Ratio Proportion & Rates of Change Paint mixed 3 blue : 2 yellow. 8 L of blue makes how much paint?
4. Geometry & Measures Why can tiles be squares or hexagons but never regular pentagons?
5. Probability A coin lands heads 7 times in a row. Is tails now "due"?
6. Statistics Can asking 1,000 people tell you what a whole country thinks?

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1. Number 8 ÷ 2(2 + 2): is the answer 1 or 16?
2. Algebra A square grows 3 cm each way. Is its new area just x² + 9?
3. Ratio Proportion & Rates of Change Paint mixed 3 blue : 2 yellow. 8 L of blue makes how much paint?
4. Geometry & Measures Why can tiles be squares or hexagons but never regular pentagons?
5. Probability A coin lands heads 7 times in a row. Is tails now "due"?
6. Statistics Can asking 1,000 people tell you what a whole country thinks?

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1. Number 8 ÷ 2(2 + 2): is the answer 1 or 16?
2. Algebra A square grows 3 cm each way. Is its new area just x² + 9?
3. Ratio, Proportion & Rates of Change Paint mixed 3 blue : 2 yellow. 8 L of blue makes how much paint?
4. Geometry & Measures Why can tiles be squares or hexagons but never regular pentagons?
5. Probability A coin lands heads 7 times in a row. Is tails now "due"?
6. Statistics Can asking 1,000 people tell you what a whole country thinks?

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1. Number & Algebra 8 ÷ 2(2 + 2): is the answer 1 or 16?
2. Geometry & Measures Why can tiles be squares or hexagons but never regular pentagons?
3. Handling Data A coin lands heads 7 times in a row. Is tails now "due"?

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1. Number 8 ÷ 2(2 + 2): is the answer 1 or 16?
2. Algebra & Graphs A square grows 3 cm each way. Is its new area just x² + 9?
3. Coordinate Geometry Rise 1 for every 12 along: which of three ramps is legal?
4. Geometry Why can tiles be squares or hexagons but never regular pentagons?
5. Mensuration Why do runners in outer lanes start further ahead?
6. Trigonometry Will a 1.2 m umbrella fit flat in a 1 m by 0.8 m box?
7. Transformations & Vectors A picture was spun round one nail. Can you find where the nail is?
8. Probability A coin lands heads 7 times in a row. Is tails now "due"?
9. Statistics Same data, two headlines: "soaring" and "flat". How?

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1. Numbers & The Number System 8 ÷ 2(2 + 2): is the answer 1 or 16?
2. Equations Formulae & Identities A square grows 3 cm each way. Is its new area just x² + 9?
3. Sequences Functions & Graphs Chessboard: 1 grain, then double each square. How many on square 64?
4. Geometry & Trigonometry Why can tiles be squares or hexagons but never regular pentagons?
5. Vectors & Transformation Geometry A picture was spun round one nail. Can you find where the nail is?
6. Statistics & Probability Same data, two headlines: "soaring" and "flat". How?

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1. Applied Anatomy and Physiology
2. Movement Analysis
3. Physical Training
4. Use of Data
5. Sports Psychology
6. Socio-cultural Influences
7. Health, Fitness and Well-being

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1. Fitness and Body Systems
2. Health and Performance

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1. Applied Anatomy and Physiology
2. Physical Training
3. Socio-cultural Influences
4. Sports Psychology
5. Health, Fitness and Well-being

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1. Energy Why must the first hill be the tallest?
2. Electricity What does a bulb take from the charge?
3. Particle Model of Matter Why is a litre of steel so heavy?
4. Atomic Structure What must the inside of an atom be like?
5. Forces Are there no forces on the stuck car?
6. Waves What actually travels in a wave?
7. Magnetism & Electromagnetism Why does a paperclip never get pushed away?
8. Space Physics What holds a star up, and for how long?

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1. Key Concepts of Physics Which cyclist is really faster?
2. Motion & Forces How can a whole lap give zero velocity?
3. Forces & Their Effects Are there no forces on the stuck car?
4. Conservation of Energy Which car holds more energy?
5. Energy: Forces Doing Work Same work, so who is more powerful?
6. Waves What actually travels in a wave?
7. Light & the Electromagnetic Spectrum Why does a straight straw look snapped?
8. Radioactivity What must the inside of an atom be like?
9. Astronomy Why does the Moon never fall?
10. Electricity & Circuits What does a bulb take from the charge?
11. Static Electricity Where did the charge come from?
12. Magnetism & the Motor Effect Why does a paperclip never get pushed away?
13. Electromagnetic Induction Where does the current come from?
14. Particle Model Why is a litre of steel so heavy?
15. Forces & Matter Why won't the spring spring back?

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1. Matter Why is a litre of steel so heavy?
2. Forces How can one line tell the whole journey?
3. Electricity & Magnetism Where did the charge come from?
4. Waves & Radioactivity What actually travels in a wave?
5. Energy Why must the first hill be the tallest?
6. Global Challenges Why does a distracted driver stop later?
7. Practical Skills Is a tight group of darts a good throw?

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1. Energy Why must the first hill be the tallest?
2. Particle model of matter Why is a litre of steel so heavy?
3. Forces Are there no forces on the stuck car?
4. Forces and motion How can one line tell the whole journey?
5. Waves in matter What actually travels in a wave?
6. Light and electromagnetic waves Why are some light-speed waves dangerous?
7. Electricity What does a bulb take from the charge?
8. Magnetism and electromagnetism Why does a paperclip never get pushed away?
9. Atomic structure What must the inside of an atom be like?
10. Space physics Why does the Moon never fall?

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1. Motion How can a whole lap give zero velocity?
2. Forces Same push: why do the trolleys differ?
3. Density & Pressure Why is a litre of steel so heavy?
4. Energy Why must the first hill be the tallest?
5. Atomic & Nuclear Physics What must the inside of an atom be like?
6. Waves What actually travels in a wave?
7. Light Why does a straight straw look snapped?
8. Electricity What does a bulb take from the charge?
9. Magnetism & Electromagnetism Where does the magnetism come from?
10. Space Physics Why does the Moon never fall?

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1. Motion, Forces & Energy How can one line tell the whole journey?
2. Thermal Physics Why does squashed air push back harder?
3. Waves What actually travels in a wave?
4. Electricity & Magnetism Why does a paperclip never get pushed away?
5. Nuclear Physics What must the inside of an atom be like?
6. Space Physics Why does the Moon never fall?

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1. Forces & Motion How can one line tell the whole journey?
2. Electricity What does a bulb take from the charge?
3. Waves What actually travels in a wave?
4. Energy Resources & Energy Transfers Why must the first hill be the tallest?
5. Solids, Liquids & Gases Why is a litre of steel so heavy?
6. Magnetism & Electromagnetism Why does a paperclip never get pushed away?
7. Radioactivity & Particles What must the inside of an atom be like?
8. Astrophysics Why does the Moon never fall?

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1. Memory A number's gone in seconds; a joke lasts years. What's different?
2. Perception A photo is flat. How can you still see depth in it with one eye shut?
3. Development A baby has nearly all its neurons. So why does its brain triple?
4. Research Methods "Music helps you revise." How could you test that?
5. Social Influence Seven people give the same wrong answer. Do you go along with them?
6. Language, Thought and Communication One word for green and blue: do its speakers see colour differently?
7. Brain and Neuropsychology Your hand jerks off a hot pan before you decide to. What moved it?
8. Psychological Problems Where does a bad week end and a mental health problem begin?

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1. Development A baby has nearly all its neurons. So why does its brain triple?
2. Memory A number's gone in seconds; a joke lasts years. What's different?
3. Psychological Problems Where does a bad week end and a mental health problem begin?
4. The Brain and Neuropsychology Your hand jerks off a hot pan before you decide to. What moved it?
5. Social Influence Seven people give the same wrong answer. Do you go along with them?
6. Criminal Psychology Nobody is born knowing how to shoplift. So who teaches it?
7. The Self Ask who you are at 5, 15 and 50: three answers. What builds a self?
8. Perception A photo is flat. How can you still see depth in it with one eye shut?
9. Sleep and Dreaming You dream mostly in one stage of sleep. What are the others for?
10. Language, Thought and Communication One word for green and blue: do its speakers see colour differently?
11. Research Methods "Music helps you revise." How could you test that?

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1. Criminal Psychology Most crimes never reach the police. So how can anyone count crime?
2. Development A baby has nearly all its neurons. So why does its brain triple?
3. Psychological Problems Where does a bad week end and a mental health problem begin?
4. Social Influence Seven people give the same wrong answer. Do you go along with them?
5. Memory A number's gone in seconds; a joke lasts years. What's different?
6. Sleep and Dreaming You dream mostly in one stage of sleep. What are the others for?
7. Research Methods "Music helps you revise." How could you test that?

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1. Christianity: Beliefs & Teachings
2. Christianity: Practices
3. Islam: Beliefs & Teachings
4. Islam: Practices
5. Theme A: Relationships & Families
6. Theme B: Religion & Life
7. Theme C: The Existence of God & Revelation
8. Theme D: Religion, Peace & Conflict
9. Theme E: Religion, Crime & Punishment
10. Theme F: Religion, Human Rights & Social Justice

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1. Religion & Ethics through a Study of Christianity (Spec B)
2. Religion, Peace & Conflict through a Study of Islam (Spec B)
3. Christianity: Beliefs, Marriage & the Family, Living the Christian Life, Matters of Life & Death (Spec A)
4. Islam: Beliefs, Crime & Punishment, Living the Muslim Life, Peace & Conflict (Spec A)
5. Judaism Option
6. Hinduism Option
7. Sikhism Option
8. Buddhism Option

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1. Christianity: Beliefs & Teachings
2. Christianity: Practices
3. Islam: Beliefs & Teachings
4. Islam: Practices
5. Religion, Philosophy & Ethics: Relationships & Families
6. Religion, Philosophy & Ethics: The Existence of God
7. Religion, Philosophy & Ethics: Religion, Peace & Conflict
8. Religion, Philosophy & Ethics: Dialogue Between Religious & Non-Religious Beliefs

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1. Component 2: Study of Christianity
2. Component 2: A Study of Islam
3. Component 3: Issues of Relationships
4. Component 3: Issues of Life and Death
5. Component 3: Issues of Good and Evil
6. Component 3: Issues of Human Rights

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1. The Christian Church through a Study of the Catholic Church and the Protestant Church
2. The Christian Church with a Focus on the Catholic Church or the Protestant Church
3. The Revelation of God and the Christian Church
4. Christianity through a Study of the Gospel of Matthew
5. Christianity through a Study of the Gospel of Mark
6. An Introduction to Christian Ethics
7. An Introduction to Philosophy of Religion
8. Islam
9. Judaism
10. Christianity through a Study of the Acts of the Apostles
11. Christianity through a Study of the Gospels
12. World Religions: Judaism and Islam

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1. Christianity: Worship
2. Christianity: Beliefs & Scriptures
3. Christianity: Sacred Places & Pilgrimage
4. Christianity: Festivals & Fasts
5. Christianity: Rites of Passage & Family Life
6. Christianity: Religion & Social Action
7. Islam: Worship
8. Islam: Beliefs & Scriptures
9. Islam: Sacred Places & Pilgrimage
10. Islam: Festivals & Fasts
11. Islam: Rites of Passage & Family Life
12. Islam: Religion & Social Action
13. Judaism: Worship
14. Judaism: Beliefs & Scriptures
15. Judaism: Sacred Places & Pilgrimage
16. Judaism: Festivals & Fasts
17. Judaism: Rites of Passage & Family Life
18. Judaism: Religion & Social Action
19. Christianity: The Early Church
20. Christianity: The Person of Jesus Christ
21. Christianity: The Teachings of Jesus
22. Islam: The First Islamic Community
23. Islam: The Four Rightly Guided Caliphs
24. Islam: The Life & Importance of the Prophet Muhammad
25. Judaism: The Festivals
26. Judaism: The Patriarchs & Early Leaders
27. Judaism: The Prophets

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1. Beliefs about Deity
2. Religious & Ethical Teachings about Relationships
3. Religious & Ethical Teachings about Medical Ethics
4. Religious & Ethical Teachings about Peace & Conflict
5. Religious & Ethical Teachings about Crime & Punishment
6. Sources of Wisdom & Authority

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1. The Sociology of Families
2. The Sociology of Education
3. The Sociology of Crime & Deviance
4. The Sociology of Social Stratification
5. Sociological Research Methods
6. Sociological Theories & Approaches

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1. Crime & Deviance
2. Education
3. Families
4. Research Methods & Researching Society
5. Social Stratification
6. Sociology Basics: Key Concepts & Processes

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1. Applied Methods of Sociological Enquiry
2. Crime & Deviance
3. Education
4. Family
5. Social Differentiation & Stratification
6. Socialisation, Culture & Identity
7. Sociological Theories, Methods & Research

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1. Theory & Methods
2. Culture, Identity & Socialisation
3. Social Inequality
4. Family
5. Education
6. Crime, Deviance & Social Control
7. Media

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1. Grammar 1: Building blocks What decides which "the" a noun gets?
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system Where did the "I" and the "am" go?
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people Where did "I" go, and where does "it" sit?
4. Grammar 4: Plans and opinions What comes after «voy a»?
5. Grammar 5: The preterite What can one little mark change?
6. Grammar 6: Perfect and imperfect What does Spanish put in front of «comido»?
7. Grammar 7: Future and conditional Where should the future endings really go?
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas Does Sam's «más bueno» pass the test?
9. Grammar 9: Higher-tier structures Why does Pablo write «sea», not «soy»?
10. Grammar 10: Sounds & exam technique What decides the sound of a Spanish c or g?

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1. Grammar 1: Building blocks What decides which "the" a noun gets?
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system Where did the "I" and the "am" go?
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people Where did "I" go, and where does "it" sit?
4. Grammar 4: Plans and opinions What comes after «voy a»?
5. Grammar 5: The preterite What can one little mark change?
6. Grammar 6: Perfect and imperfect What does Spanish put in front of «comido»?
7. Grammar 7: Future and conditional Where should the future endings really go?
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas Does Sam's «más bueno» pass the test?
9. Grammar 9: Higher-tier structures Why does Pablo write «sea», not «soy»?
10. Grammar 10: Sounds & exam technique What decides the sound of a Spanish c or g?

Course page · Open in the finder · All six Velvet stages · Teachers: assign this course

1. Grammar 1: Building blocks What decides which "the" a noun gets?
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system Where did the "I" and the "am" go?
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people Where did "I" go, and where does "it" sit?
4. Grammar 4: Plans and opinions What comes after «voy a»?
5. Grammar 5: The preterite What can one little mark change?
6. Grammar 6: Perfect and imperfect What does Spanish put in front of «comido»?
7. Grammar 7: Future and conditional Where should the future endings really go?
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas Does Sam's «más bueno» pass the test?
9. Grammar 9: Higher-tier structures Why does Pablo write «sea», not «soy»?
10. Grammar 10: Sounds & exam technique What decides the sound of a Spanish c or g?

Course page · Open in the finder · All six Velvet stages

1. Grammar 1: Building blocks What decides which "the" a noun gets?
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system Where did the "I" and the "am" go?
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people Where did "I" go, and where does "it" sit?
4. Grammar 4: Plans and opinions What comes after «voy a»?
5. Grammar 5: The preterite What can one little mark change?
6. Grammar 6: Perfect and imperfect What does Spanish put in front of «comido»?
7. Grammar 7: Future and conditional Where should the future endings really go?
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas Does Sam's «más bueno» pass the test?
9. Grammar 9: Structures to recognise Why does Pablo write «sea», not «soy»?
10. Grammar 10: Sounds & exam technique What decides the sound of a Spanish c or g?

Course page · Open in the finder · All six Velvet stages · Teachers: assign this course

1. Grammar 1: Building blocks What decides which "the" a noun gets?
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system Where did the "I" and the "am" go?
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people Where did "I" go, and where does "it" sit?
4. Grammar 4: Plans and opinions What comes after «voy a»?
5. Grammar 5: The preterite What can one little mark change?
6. Grammar 6: Perfect and imperfect What does Spanish put in front of «comido»?
7. Grammar 7: Future and conditional Where should the future endings really go?
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas Does Sam's «más bueno» pass the test?
9. Grammar 9: Higher-tier structures Why does Pablo write «sea», not «soy»?
10. Grammar 10: Exam technique

Course page · Open in the finder · All six Velvet stages · Teachers: assign this course

1. Grammar 1: Building blocks What decides which "the" a noun gets?
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system Where did the "I" and the "am" go?
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people Where did "I" go, and where does "it" sit?
4. Grammar 4: Plans and opinions What comes after «voy a»?
5. Grammar 5: The preterite What can one little mark change?
6. Grammar 6: Perfect and imperfect What does Spanish put in front of «comido»?
7. Grammar 7: Future and conditional Where should the future endings really go?
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas Does Sam's «más bueno» pass the test?
9. Grammar 9: Advanced structures Why does Pablo write «sea», not «soy»?
10. Grammar 10: Exam skills & deducing meaning What did Lucía's brother do in that exam?

Course page · Open in the finder · All six Velvet stages · Teachers: assign this course

1. Grammar 1: Building blocks What decides which "the" a noun gets?
2. Grammar 2: The present-tense system Where did the "I" and the "am" go?
3. Grammar 3: Talking about people Where did "I" go, and where does "it" sit?
4. Grammar 4: Plans and opinions What comes after «voy a»?
5. Grammar 5: The preterite What can one little mark change?
6. Grammar 6: Perfect and imperfect What does Spanish put in front of «comido»?
7. Grammar 7: Future and conditional Where should the future endings really go?
8. Grammar 8: Joining ideas Does Sam's «más bueno» pass the test?
9. Grammar 9: Advanced structures Why does Pablo write «sea», not «soy»?
10. Grammar 10: Exam skills & deducing meaning What did Lucía's brother do in that exam?

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1. Biological Molecules
2. Cells
3. Organisms Exchange Substances
4. Genetic Information & Variation
5. Energy Transfers
6. Organisms Respond to Changes
7. Genetics, Populations & Ecosystems
8. Control of Gene Expression

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1. Development of Practical Skills
2. Foundations in Biology
3. Exchange & Transport
4. Biodiversity, Evolution & Disease
5. Communication, Homeostasis & Energy
6. Genetics, Evolution & Ecosystems

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1. Core Concepts (assessed across all components)
2. Component 1 — Energy for Life
3. Component 2 — Continuity of Life
4. Component 3 — Requirements for Life (plus one option)

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1. Molecules & Cells
2. Organisms & Biodiversity
3. Practical Skills in AS Biology
4. Physiology, Co-ordination and Control, and Ecosystems
5. Biochemistry, Genetics & Evolutionary Trends
6. Practical Skills in Biology

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1. Lifestyle, Health & Risk
2. Genes & Health
3. Voice of the Genome
4. Biodiversity & Natural Resources
5. On the Wild Side
6. Immunity, Infection & Forensics
7. Run for Your Life
8. Grey Matter

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1. 1.1 Meeting Customer Needs
2. 1.2 The Market
3. 1.3 Marketing Mix and Strategy
4. 1.4 Managing People
5. 1.5 Entrepreneurs and Leaders
6. 2.1 Raising Finance
7. 2.2 Financial Planning
8. 2.3 Managing Finance
9. 2.4 Resource Management
10. 2.5 External Influences
11. 3.1 Business Objectives and Strategy
12. 3.2 Business Growth
13. 3.3 Decision-Making Techniques
14. 3.4 Influences on Business Decisions
15. 3.5 Assessing Competitiveness
16. 3.6 Managing Change
17. 4.1 Globalisation
18. 4.2 Global Markets and Business Expansion
19. 4.3 Global Marketing
20. 4.4 Global Industries and Companies (Multinationals)

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1. What is Business?
2. Managers, Leadership and Decision Making
3. Setting Marketing Objectives and Understanding Markets
4. Marketing Decisions: Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning and the Marketing Mix
5. Decision Making to Improve Operational Performance
6. Decision Making to Improve Financial Performance
7. Decision Making to Improve Human Resource Performance
8. Mission, Corporate Objectives and Strategy
9. Analysing the Internal Position: Financial Ratio Analysis
10. Analysing the External Environment: Political, Legal and Economic
11. Analysing the External Environment: Social, Technological and Competitive
12. Analysing Strategic Options: Investment Appraisal
13. Choosing Strategic Direction
14. Strategic Methods: Scale and Innovation
15. Strategic Methods: Internationalisation and Digital Technology
16. Managing Change and Organisational Culture
17. Strategic Implementation and Why Strategies Fail

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1. Business Activity, Structure and Stakeholders
2. Business Size, Growth and Scale of Operations
3. What is Marketing? Research and Targeting Customers
4. The Marketing Mix, Sales Forecasting and Marketing Performance
5. Human Resource Management and Organisational Design
6. Motivation, Leadership and Employer/Employee Relations
7. Recruitment, Selection, Training and HR Performance
8. Operations, Productivity and Quality
9. Capacity, Inventory and Supply Chain Management
10. Costs, Revenue, Profit and Loss
11. Budgeting, Cash Flow Forecasting and Liquidity
12. Sources of Finance and Financial Statements
13. External Influences: Markets, the Global Market and PEST
14. Business Planning and Business Strategy
15. Strategic Decision Making, Investment Decisions and Managing Risk
16. Change Management and Ethical, Legal and Sustainability Issues

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1. Atomic Structure
2. Amount of Substance
3. Bonding
4. Energetics
5. Kinetics & Rate Equations
6. Chemical Equilibria (Kc and Kp)
7. Redox, Electrode Potentials & Electrochemical Cells
8. Thermodynamics
9. Acids and Bases
10. Periodicity & Period 3 Elements
11. Group 2, the Alkaline Earth Metals
12. Group 7, the Halogens
13. Transition Metals
14. Reactions of Ions in Aqueous Solution
15. Introduction to Organic Chemistry & Isomerism
16. Alkanes, Alkenes & Halogenoalkanes
17. Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids
18. Aromatic Chemistry & Amines
19. Polymers, Amino Acids, Proteins and DNA
20. Organic Synthesis
21. Organic Analysis, NMR & Chromatography

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1. Topic 1: Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
2. Topic 2: Bonding and Structure
3. Topic 3: Redox I
4. Topic 4: Inorganic Chemistry and the Periodic Table
5. Topic 5: Formulae, Equations and Amounts of Substance
6. Topic 6: Organic Chemistry I
7. Topic 7: Modern Analytical Techniques I
8. Topic 8: Energetics I
9. Topic 9: Kinetics I
10. Topic 10: Equilibrium I
11. Topic 11: Equilibrium II
12. Topic 12: Acid-base Equilibria
13. Topic 13: Energetics II
14. Topic 14: Redox II
15. Topic 15: Transition Metals
16. Topic 16: Kinetics II
17. Topic 17: Organic Chemistry II
18. Topic 18: Organic Chemistry III
19. Topic 19: Modern Analytical Techniques II

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1. Development of Practical Skills
2. Foundations in Chemistry
3. Periodic Table & Energy
4. Core Organic Chemistry
5. Physical Chemistry & Transition Elements
6. Organic Chemistry & Analysis

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1. C1 — The language of chemistry and structure of matter
2. C2 — Chemical change
3. C3 — Chemistry of carbon compounds
4. PI1 — Electrochemistry
5. PI2 — More complex patterns of the Periodic Table
6. PI3 — Chemical kinetics
7. PI4 — Energy changes
8. PI5 — Equilibria
9. OA1 — Higher concepts in organic chemistry
10. OA2 — Organic compounds containing oxygen
11. OA3 — Organic compounds containing nitrogen
12. OA4 — Organic synthesis and analysis

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1. Unit AS 1: Basic Concepts in Physical and Inorganic Chemistry
2. Unit AS 2: Further Physical and Inorganic Chemistry and an Introduction to Organic Chemistry
3. Unit AS 3: Basic Practical Chemistry
4. Unit A2 1: Further Physical and Organic Chemistry
5. Unit A2 2: Analytical, Transition Metals, Electrochemistry and Organic Nitrogen Chemistry
6. Unit A2 3: Further Practical Chemistry

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1. Fundamentals Of Programming
2. Fundamentals Of Data Structures
3. Fundamentals Of Algorithms
4. Theory Of Computation
5. Fundamentals Of Data Representation
6. Fundamentals Of Computer Systems
7. Fundamentals Of Computer Organisation & Architecture
8. Consequences Of Uses Of Computing
9. Fundamentals Of Communication & Networking
10. Fundamentals Of Databases
11. Big Data
12. Functional Programming
13. Systematic Approach To Problem Solving

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1. The Characteristics Of Contemporary Processors, Input, Output And Storage Devices
2. Software & Software Development
3. Exchanging Data
4. Data Types, Data Structures & Algorithms
5. Legal, Moral, Cultural & Ethical Issues
6. Elements Of Computational Thinking
7. Problem Solving & Programming
8. Algorithms

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1. Materials and Their Applications
2. Performance Characteristics of Materials
3. Enhancement of Materials
4. Forming, Redistribution and Addition Processes
5. The Use of Finishes
6. Modern Industrial and Commercial Practice
7. Digital Design and Manufacture
8. Health and Safety
9. Protecting Designs and Intellectual Property
10. Feasibility Studies
11. Enterprise and Marketing in the Development of Products
12. Design Communication
13. Design Methods and Processes
14. Design Theory
15. Critical Analysis and Evaluation
16. Responsible Design

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1. Materials
2. Performance Characteristics of Materials
3. Processes and Techniques
4. Digital Technologies
5. Factors Influencing the Development of Products
6. Effects of Technological Developments
7. Potential Hazards and Risk Assessment
8. Features of Manufacturing Industries
9. Designing for Maintenance and the Cleaner Environment
10. Current Legislation
11. Information Handling, Modelling and Forward Planning
12. Further Processes and Techniques

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1. Identifying Requirements
2. Learning from Existing Products and Practice
3. Implications of Wider Issues
4. Design Thinking and Communication
5. Material and Component Considerations
6. Technical Understanding
7. Manufacturing Processes and Techniques
8. Viability of Design Solutions
9. Health and Safety

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1. Economic Methodology and the Economic Problem
2. Individual Economic Decision Making
3. Price Determination in a Competitive Market
4. Production, Costs and Revenue
5. Perfect Competition, Imperfectly Competitive Markets and Monopoly
6. The Labour Market
7. The Distribution of Income and Wealth: Poverty and Inequality
8. The Market Mechanism, Market Failure and Government Intervention
9. The Measurement of Macroeconomic Performance
10. How the Macroeconomy Works: Circular Flow and AD/AS Analysis
11. Economic Performance
12. Financial Markets and Monetary Policy
13. Fiscal Policy and Supply-Side Policies
14. The International Economy

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1. 1.1 Nature of Economics
2. 1.2 How Markets Work
3. 1.3 Market Failure
4. 1.4 Government Intervention
5. 2.1 Measures of Economic Performance
6. 2.2 Aggregate Demand
7. 2.3 Aggregate Supply
8. 2.4 National Income
9. 2.5 Economic Growth
10. 2.6 Macroeconomic Objectives and Policies
11. 3.1 Business Growth
12. 3.2 Business Objectives
13. 3.3 Revenues, Costs and Profits
14. 3.4 Market Structures
15. 3.5 Labour Market
16. 3.6 Government Intervention in Markets
17. 4.1 International Economics
18. 4.2 Poverty and Inequality
19. 4.3 Emerging and Developing Economies
20. 4.4 The Financial Sector
21. 4.5 Role of the State in the Macroeconomy

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1. Introduction to Microeconomics
2. Demand, Supply and the Price Mechanism
3. Elasticity
4. Market Failure and Externalities
5. Government Intervention and Government Failure
6. Business Objectives
7. Costs, Revenue and Profit
8. Market Structures
9. The Labour Market
10. Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
11. The Multiplier and the Accelerator
12. Economic Policy Objectives
13. Income Distribution, Welfare and Development
14. Implementing Policy: Fiscal, Monetary and Supply-Side
15. The Global Context: Trade, Exchange Rates and Globalisation
16. The Financial Sector

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1. Methods of Language Analysis: The Language Levels
2. Textual Variations and Representations
3. Childrens Language Development
4. Language Diversity: Sociolect, Dialect and Variety
5. Language Change 1600-Present
6. Language Discourses: Attitudes to Language
7. NEA: The Language Investigation

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1. Language Frameworks and Levels
2. Individual Variation: Mode, Field, Function, Audience
3. Variation Over Time: English from c1550
4. Child Language Acquisition
5. Investigating Language: Global English
6. Investigating Language: Language and Gender Identity
7. Investigating Language: Language and Power
8. Investigating Language: Regional Language Variation

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1. The Language Levels
2. Language Under the Microscope
3. Comparing and Contrasting Texts
4. Child Language Acquisition
5. Language in the Media
6. Language Change

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1. Shakespeare: Tragedy or Comedy
2. Other Drama: Pre-1900 or Post-1900
3. Prose Theme: Science and Society (Option)
4. Prose Theme: The Supernatural (Option)
5. Prose Theme: Women and Society (Option)
6. Prose Theme: Crime and Detection (Option)
7. Post-2000 Poetry: Poems of the Decade
8. Unseen Poetry Comparison

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1. Shakespeare: Close Analysis and Whole-Play Argument
2. Drama pre-1900
3. Poetry pre-1900
4. Comparative Study: The Gothic (Option)
5. Comparative Study: Dystopia (Option)
6. Comparative Study: Women in Literature (Option)
7. Comparative Study: American Literature 1880-1940 (Option)
8. Unseen Prose Close Reading

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1. AS 1: Poetry & Drama 1900–Present
2. AS 2: The Study of Prose Pre-1900
3. A2 1: Shakespearean Genres
4. A2 2: Poetry Pre-1900 & Unseen Poetry

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1. Aspects of Tragedy (Paper 1 Option)
2. Aspects of Comedy (Paper 1 Option)
3. Elements of Crime Writing (Paper 2 Option)
4. Elements of Political and Social Protest Writing (Paper 2 Option)
5. Unseen Passage Analysis
6. Contexts of Production, Reception and Interpretation
7. Critical Theory: Narrative, Marxist and Feminist Readings
8. Literary Value and the Canon
9. Critical theory & independent reading
10. Love through the ages: poetry
11. Love through the ages: Shakespeare
12. Unseen poetry: love
13. Modern times: 1945 to now
14. WW1 and its aftermath

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1. The Living Environment
2. The Physical Environment
3. Energy Resources
4. Pollution
5. Biological Resources
6. Sustainability
7. Research Methods

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1. Grammar 1: Tense-system consolidation
2. Grammar 2: Future and conditional
3. Grammar 3: Pronouns in depth
4. Grammar 4: The present subjunctive
5. Grammar 5: The subjunctive II
6. Grammar 6: Si-clauses & reported speech
7. Grammar 7: The passive
8. Grammar 8: Infinitive & participle constructions
9. Grammar 9: Literary tenses & register
10. Grammar 10: Essay & translation technique

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1. Grammar 1: Tense-system consolidation
2. Grammar 2: Future and conditional
3. Grammar 3: Pronouns in depth
4. Grammar 4: The present subjunctive
5. Grammar 5: The subjunctive II
6. Grammar 6: Si-clauses & reported speech
7. Grammar 7: The passive
8. Grammar 8: Infinitive & participle constructions
9. Grammar 9: Literary tenses & register
10. Grammar 10: Essay & translation technique

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1. Grammar 1: Tense-system consolidation
2. Grammar 2: Future and conditional
3. Grammar 3: Pronouns in depth
4. Grammar 4: The present subjunctive
5. Grammar 5: The subjunctive II
6. Grammar 6: Si-clauses & reported speech
7. Grammar 7: The passive
8. Grammar 8: Infinitive & participle constructions
9. Grammar 9: Literary tenses & register
10. Grammar 10: Essay & translation technique

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1. Water and Carbon Cycles
2. Hot Desert Systems and Landscapes (Option)
3. Coastal Systems and Landscapes (Option)
4. Glacial Systems and Landscapes (Option)
5. Hazards (Option)
6. Ecosystems under Stress (Option)
7. Global Systems and Global Governance
8. Changing Places
9. Contemporary Urban Environments (Option)
10. Population and the Environment (Option)
11. Resource Security (Option)

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1. Tectonic Processes and Hazards
2. Glaciated Landscapes and Change (Option 2A)
3. Coastal Landscapes and Change (Option 2B)
4. Globalisation
5. Regenerating Places (Option 4A)
6. Diverse Places (Option 4B)
7. The Water Cycle and Water Insecurity
8. The Carbon Cycle and Energy Security
9. Superpowers
10. Health, Human Rights and Intervention (Option 8A)
11. Migration, Identity and Sovereignty (Option 8B)
12. Synoptic Investigation (Paper 3)

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1. Coastal Landscapes (Option)
2. Glaciated Landscapes (Option)
3. Dryland Landscapes (Option)
4. Earths Life Support Systems (Water and Carbon Cycles)
5. Changing Spaces, Making Places
6. Global Systems: Trade in the Contemporary World (Option A)
7. Global Systems: Global Migration (Option B)
8. Global Governance: Human Rights (Option C)
9. Global Governance: Power and Borders (Option D)
10. Climate Change (Debate Option)
11. Disease Dilemmas (Debate Option)
12. Exploring Oceans (Debate Option)
13. Future of Food (Debate Option)
14. Hazardous Earth (Debate Option)

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1. AS 1: Fluvial Environments
2. AS 1: Ecosystems
3. AS 1: Atmosphere
4. AS 2: Population
5. AS 2: Settlement
6. AS 2: Development
7. AS 3: Fieldwork Skills & Techniques
8. A2 1 Option A: Plate Tectonics
9. A2 1 Option B: Tropical Ecosystems
10. A2 1 Option C: Dynamic Coastal Environments
11. A2 1 Option D: Climate Change
12. A2 2 Option A: Cultural Geography
13. A2 2 Option B: Planning for Sustainable Settlements
14. A2 2 Option C: Ethnic Diversity
15. A2 2 Option D: Tourism
16. A2 3: Decision Making in Geography

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1. Grammar 1: Cases and articles
2. Grammar 2: Word order
3. Grammar 3: Adjective endings
4. Grammar 4: The tense system
5. Grammar 5: Modal verbs and infinitive constructions
6. Grammar 6: Prepositions and cases
7. Grammar 7: Konjunktiv II and the conditional
8. Grammar 8: Konjunktiv I and reported speech
9. Grammar 9: The passive
10. Grammar 10: Relative clauses, essay and translation technique

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1. Grammar 1: Cases & articles
2. Grammar 2: Word order
3. Grammar 3: Adjective endings
4. Grammar 4: The tense system
5. Grammar 5: Modal verbs & infinitive constructions
6. Grammar 6: Prepositions and cases
7. Grammar 7: Konjunktiv II and the conditional
8. Grammar 8: Konjunktiv I and reported speech
9. Grammar 9: The passive
10. Grammar 10: Relative clauses, essay & translation technique

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1. Tudors: England 1485-1603
2. Stuart Britain & the Crisis of Monarchy 1603-1702
3. The Age of the Crusades c1071-1204
4. France in Revolution 1774-1815
5. Industrialisation & the People: Britain c1783-1885
6. Democracy & Nazism: Germany 1918-1945
7. The American Dream: Reality & Illusion 1945-1980
8. The Making of Modern Britain 1951-2007
9. Historical Investigation (Coursework)

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1. Britain 1625-1701: Conflict, Revolution & Settlement
2. Britain Transformed 1918-97
3. Russia in Revolution 1894-1924
4. Germany & West Germany 1918-89
5. The British Experience of Warfare c1790-1918
6. Mao's China 1949-76
7. The USA c1920-55: Boom, Bust & Recovery
8. Civil Rights & Race Relations in the USA 1850-2009
9. Coursework: Historical Enquiry

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1. England 1485-1558: The Early Tudors
2. England 1547-1603: The Later Tudors
3. The Early Stuarts & the Origins of the Civil War 1603-1660
4. Russia 1894-1941
5. Italy 1896-1943
6. Democracy & Dictatorships in Germany 1919-63
7. Civil Rights in the USA 1865-1992
8. The Cold War in Asia 1945-93
9. Topic-Based Essay (Coursework)

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1. AS 1 (option): Germany 1919–45
2. AS 2 (option): Russia 1914–41
3. A2 1 (option): Crown and Parliament in England 1625–1714
4. A2 1 (option): Ireland Under the Union 1800–1900
5. A2 1 (option): The American Presidency 1901–2000
6. A2 1 (option): Clash of Ideologies in Europe 1900–2000
7. A2 2 (option): Partition of Ireland 1900–25

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1. Proof n²+n+41 is prime for n=0 to 39. Is it always prime?
2. Algebra & Functions Why does 8^(2/3) come out as exactly 4?
3. Coordinate Geometry Do (1, 2), (4, 11) and (9, 27) lie on one straight line?
4. Sequences & Series How can you work out 1.01¹⁰ to 4 decimal places in your head?
5. Trigonometry Two sides and an angle can make two different triangles. How?
6. Exponentials & Logarithms Compound 100% interest ever more often. Does £1 grow without limit?
7. Differentiation Speed needs two moments. So what is your speed at one instant?
8. Integration A speedometer shows speed, not distance. How far did the car go?
9. Numerical Methods Radian mode: type 1, then cos(Ans) again and again. Where does it end?
10. Vectors A plane heads north at 200 km/h in a 50 km/h east wind. Where to?
11. Statistical Sampling 90% of people surveyed love the gym. It was done at a gym. So?
12. Data Presentation & Interpretation Two classes both average 62%. Why might one have far more fails?
13. Probability Is a dice total of 7 linked to what the first die shows?
14. Statistical Distributions Guess all 10 four-option questions. Chance of getting 5 or more?
15. Statistical Hypothesis Testing A coin lands heads 15 times in 20 throws. Is it biased?
16. Quantities & Units in Mechanics Why can a 70 kg person be modelled as a dot?
17. Kinematics A phone drops from a 45 m tower. When does it land, and how fast?
18. Forces & Newton's Laws On scales in a lift, what do they read as it speeds up going up?
19. Moments A 30 kg child and a 60 kg adult on a seesaw. Where does the adult sit?

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1. Proof n²+n+41 is prime for n=0 to 39. Is it always prime?
2. Algebra & Functions Why does 8^(2/3) come out as exactly 4?
3. Coordinate Geometry Do (1, 2), (4, 11) and (9, 27) lie on one straight line?
4. Sequences & Series How can you work out 1.01¹⁰ to 4 decimal places in your head?
5. Trigonometry Two sides and an angle can make two different triangles. How?
6. Exponentials & Logarithms Compound 100% interest ever more often. Does £1 grow without limit?
7. Differentiation Speed needs two moments. So what is your speed at one instant?
8. Integration A speedometer shows speed, not distance. How far did the car go?
9. Numerical Methods Radian mode: type 1, then cos(Ans) again and again. Where does it end?
10. Vectors A plane heads north at 200 km/h in a 50 km/h east wind. Where to?
11. Statistical Sampling 90% of people surveyed love the gym. It was done at a gym. So?
12. Data Presentation & Interpretation Two classes both average 62%. Why might one have far more fails?
13. Probability Is a dice total of 7 linked to what the first die shows?
14. Statistical Distributions Guess all 10 four-option questions. Chance of getting 5 or more?
15. Statistical Hypothesis Testing A coin lands heads 15 times in 20 throws. Is it biased?
16. Quantities & Units in Mechanics Why can a 70 kg person be modelled as a dot?
17. Kinematics A phone drops from a 45 m tower. When does it land, and how fast?
18. Forces & Newton's Laws On scales in a lift, what do they read as it speeds up going up?
19. Moments A 30 kg child and a 60 kg adult on a seesaw. Where does the adult sit?

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1. Proof n²+n+41 is prime for n=0 to 39. Is it always prime?
2. Algebra & Functions Why does 8^(2/3) come out as exactly 4?
3. Coordinate Geometry Do (1, 2), (4, 11) and (9, 27) lie on one straight line?
4. Sequences & Series How can you work out 1.01¹⁰ to 4 decimal places in your head?
5. Trigonometry Two sides and an angle can make two different triangles. How?
6. Exponentials & Logarithms Compound 100% interest ever more often. Does £1 grow without limit?
7. Differentiation Speed needs two moments. So what is your speed at one instant?
8. Integration A speedometer shows speed, not distance. How far did the car go?
9. Numerical Methods Radian mode: type 1, then cos(Ans) again and again. Where does it end?
10. Vectors A plane heads north at 200 km/h in a 50 km/h east wind. Where to?
11. Statistical Sampling 90% of people surveyed love the gym. It was done at a gym. So?
12. Data Presentation & Interpretation Two classes both average 62%. Why might one have far more fails?
13. Probability Is a dice total of 7 linked to what the first die shows?
14. Statistical Distributions Guess all 10 four-option questions. Chance of getting 5 or more?
15. Hypothesis Testing A coin lands heads 15 times in 20 throws. Is it biased?
16. Quantities & Units in Mechanics Why can a 70 kg person be modelled as a dot?
17. Kinematics A phone drops from a 45 m tower. When does it land, and how fast?
18. Forces & Newtons Laws On scales in a lift, what do they read as it speeds up going up?
19. Moments A 30 kg child and a 60 kg adult on a seesaw. Where does the adult sit?

Course page · Open in the finder · All six Velvet stages · Teachers: assign this course

1. Proof n²+n+41 is prime for n=0 to 39. Is it always prime?
2. Algebra & Functions Why does 8^(2/3) come out as exactly 4?
3. Coordinate Geometry Do (1, 2), (4, 11) and (9, 27) lie on one straight line?
4. Sequences & Series How can you work out 1.01¹⁰ to 4 decimal places in your head?
5. Trigonometry Two sides and an angle can make two different triangles. How?
6. Exponentials & Logarithms Compound 100% interest ever more often. Does £1 grow without limit?
7. Differentiation Speed needs two moments. So what is your speed at one instant?
8. Integration A speedometer shows speed, not distance. How far did the car go?
9. Numerical Methods Radian mode: type 1, then cos(Ans) again and again. Where does it end?
10. Vectors A plane heads north at 200 km/h in a 50 km/h east wind. Where to?
11. Statistical Sampling 90% of people surveyed love the gym. It was done at a gym. So?
12. Data Presentation & Interpretation Two classes both average 62%. Why might one have far more fails?
13. Probability Is a dice total of 7 linked to what the first die shows?
14. Statistical Distributions Guess all 10 four-option questions. Chance of getting 5 or more?
15. Hypothesis Testing A coin lands heads 15 times in 20 throws. Is it biased?
16. Quantities & Units in Mechanics Why can a 70 kg person be modelled as a dot?
17. Kinematics A phone drops from a 45 m tower. When does it land, and how fast?
18. Forces & Newtons Laws On scales in a lift, what do they read as it speeds up going up?
19. Moments A 30 kg child and a 60 kg adult on a seesaw. Where does the adult sit?
20. Impulse & Momentum A 1 kg trolley at 4 m s⁻¹ hits a still 3 kg one. They stick. How fast?

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1. Area of Study 1: Western Classical Tradition 1650-1910
2. Area of Study 2: Pop Music
3. Area of Study 3: Music for Media
4. Area of Study 4: Music for Theatre
5. Area of Study 5: Jazz
6. Area of Study 6: Contemporary Traditional Music
7. Area of Study 7: Art Music since 1910
8. Musical Elements and Terminology

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1. Area of Study 1: Vocal Music
2. Area of Study 2: Instrumental Music
3. Area of Study 3: Music for Film
4. Area of Study 4: Popular Music and Jazz
5. Area of Study 5: Fusions
6. Area of Study 6: New Directions
7. Musical Elements, Context and Language

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1. AS 3 AoS 1: Music for Orchestra 1700–1900
2. AS 3 AoS 2: Sacred Vocal Music (Anthems)
3. AS 3 AoS 3: Secular Vocal Music (Musicals)
4. A2 3 AoS 1: Music for Orchestra in the Twentieth Century
5. A2 3 AoS 2: Sacred Vocal Music (Mass/Requiem Mass)
6. A2 3 AoS 3: Secular Vocal Music, 1600 to the Present Day

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1. Applied Anatomy and Physiology
2. Skill Acquisition
3. Sport and Society
4. Exercise Physiology
5. Biomechanical Movement
6. Sport Psychology
7. Sport and Society and the Role of Technology in Physical Activity and Sport

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1. Applied Anatomy and Physiology
2. Exercise Physiology and Applied Movement Analysis
3. Skill Acquisition
4. Sport Psychology
5. Sport and Society

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1. Applied Anatomy and Physiology
2. Exercise Physiology
3. Biomechanics
4. Skill Acquisition
5. Sports Psychology
6. Sport and Society
7. Contemporary Issues in Physical Activity and Sport

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1. Measurements and their Errors
2. Particles and Radiation
3. Waves
4. Mechanics and Materials
5. Electricity
6. Further Mechanics and Thermal Physics
7. Fields and their Consequences
8. Nuclear Physics
9. Astrophysics (option)
10. Medical Physics (option)
11. Engineering Physics (option)
12. Turning Points in Physics (option)
13. Electronics (option)

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1. Working as a Physicist
2. Mechanics
3. Electric Circuits
4. Materials
5. Waves & Particle Nature of Light
6. Further Mechanics
7. Electric & Magnetic Fields
8. Nuclear & Particle Physics
9. Thermodynamics
10. Space
11. Gravitational Fields
12. Oscillations
13. Nuclear Radiation

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1. Development of Practical Skills
2. Foundations of Physics
3. Forces & Motion
4. Electrons, Waves & Photons
5. Newtonian World & Astrophysics
6. Particles & Medical Physics

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1. Component 1 — Newtonian Physics
2. Component 2 — Electricity and the Universe
3. Component 3 — Light, Nuclei and Options
4. Alternating Currents (option)
5. Medical Physics (option)
6. The Physics of Sports (option)
7. Energy and the Environment (option)

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1. AS 1 Forces, Energy & Electricity
2. AS 2 Waves, Photons & Astronomy
3. AS 3 Practical Techniques & Data Analysis
4. A2 1 Deformation of Solids, Thermal Physics, Circular Motion, Oscillations & Nuclear Physics
5. A2 2 Fields, Capacitors & Particle Physics
6. A2 3 Practical Techniques & Data Analysis

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1. Social Influence
2. Memory
3. Attachment
4. Clinical Psychology and Mental Health
5. Approaches in Psychology
6. Biopsychology
7. Research Methods
8. Issues and Debates in Psychology
9. Relationships (Option 1)
10. Gender (Option 1)
11. Cognition and Development (Option 1)
12. Schizophrenia (Option 2)
13. Eating Behaviour (Option 2)
14. Stress (Option 2)
15. Aggression (Option 3)
16. Forensic Psychology (Option 3)
17. Addiction (Option 3)

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1. Social Psychology
2. Cognitive Psychology
3. Biological Psychology
4. Learning Theories
5. Clinical Psychology
6. Criminological Psychology (option)
7. Child Psychology (option)
8. Health Psychology (option)
9. Research Methods (Psychological Skills)
10. Issues and Debates (Psychological Skills)

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1. Research Methods (Component 01)
2. Core Studies (Component 02)
3. Areas, Perspectives and Debates (Component 02)
4. Practical Applications (Component 02)
5. Issues in Mental Health (Component 03, compulsory)
6. Child Psychology (Component 03 option)
7. Criminal Psychology (Component 03 option)
8. Environmental Psychology (Component 03 option)
9. Sport and Exercise Psychology (Component 03 option)

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1. Arguments for the Existence of God
2. Evil and Suffering
3. Religious Experience
4. Religious Language
5. Miracles
6. Self, Death and the Afterlife
7. Normative Ethical Theories
8. Issues of Human Life and Death
9. Issues of Non-Human Life and Death
10. Introduction to Meta Ethics
11. Free Will and Moral Responsibility
12. Conscience
13. Bentham and Kant
14. Study of Religion: Christianity (Option 2B)
15. Study of Religion: Buddhism (Option 2A)
16. Study of Religion: Hinduism (Option 2C)
17. Study of Religion: Islam (Option 2D)
18. Study of Religion: Judaism (Option 2E)
19. Dialogue between Philosophy of Religion and Religion
20. Dialogue between Ethical Studies and Religion

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1. Philosophy of Religion: Philosophical Issues and Questions
2. Philosophy of Religion: Religious Experience
3. Philosophy of Religion: Problems of Evil and Suffering
4. Philosophy of Religion: Philosophical Language
5. Religion and Ethics: Significant Concepts
6. Religion and Ethics: Three Ethical Theories
7. Religion and Ethics: Application of Ethical Theories
8. Religion and Ethics: Ethical Language
9. Religion and Ethics: Medical Ethics
10. New Testament Studies (Paper 3 Option)
11. Study of Religion: Christianity (Paper 4B Option)
12. Study of Religion: Islam (Paper 4D Option)
13. Study of Religion: Judaism (Paper 4E Option)

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1. Philosophy: Ancient Philosophical Influences
2. Philosophy: Soul, Mind and Body
3. Philosophy: Arguments based on Observation
4. Philosophy: Arguments based on Reason
5. Philosophy: Religious Experience
6. Philosophy: The Problem of Evil
7. Philosophy: The Nature or Attributes of God
8. Philosophy: Religious Language
9. Ethics: Natural Law
10. Ethics: Situation Ethics
11. Ethics: Kantian Ethics
12. Ethics: Utilitarianism
13. Ethics: Euthanasia
14. Ethics: Business Ethics
15. Ethics: Meta-Ethics
16. Ethics: Conscience
17. Ethics: Sexual Ethics
18. Developments in Christian Thought (Option 03)
19. Developments in Religious Thought: Islam (Option 04)
20. Developments in Religious Thought: Judaism (Option 05)
21. Developments in Religious Thought: Buddhism (Option 06)
22. Developments in Religious Thought: Hinduism (Option 07)

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1. AS 1: An Introduction to the Gospel of Luke
2. AS 2: An Introduction to the Acts of the Apostles
3. A2 1: Themes in the Synoptic Gospels
4. AS 4: The Origins & Development of the Early Christian Church to AD 325
5. AS 6 (option): An Introduction to Islam
6. AS 7: Foundations of Ethics with Medical Ethics
7. A2 7: Global Ethics
8. AS 8: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion

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1. Education with Theory & Methods (core)
2. Crime & Deviance with Theory & Methods (core)
3. Culture & Identity (option 1)
4. Families & Households (option 1)
5. Health (option 1)
6. Work, Poverty & Welfare (option 1)
7. Beliefs in Society (option 2)
8. Global Development (option 2)
9. The Media (option 2)
10. Stratification & Differentiation (option 2)

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1. Introducing Socialisation, Culture & Identity (core)
2. Families & Relationships (option, C1)
3. Youth Subcultures (option, C1)
4. Media (option, C1)
5. Research Methods & Researching Social Inequalities (core)
6. Understanding Social Inequalities (core)
7. Globalisation & the Digital Social World (core)
8. Crime & Deviance (option, C3)
9. Education (option, C3)
10. Religion, Belief & Faith (option, C3)

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1. Grammar 1: Tense-system consolidation
2. Grammar 2: Future and conditional
3. Grammar 3: Pronouns in depth
4. Grammar 4: The present subjunctive
5. Grammar 5: The subjunctive II
6. Grammar 6: Si-clauses & reported speech
7. Grammar 7: The passive
8. Grammar 8: Infinitive & participle constructions
9. Grammar 9: Register, nuance & false friends
10. Grammar 10: Essay & translation technique

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1. Grammar 1: Tense-system consolidation
2. Grammar 2: Future and conditional
3. Grammar 3: Pronouns in depth
4. Grammar 4: The present subjunctive
5. Grammar 5: The subjunctive II
6. Grammar 6: Si-clauses & reported speech
7. Grammar 7: The passive
8. Grammar 8: Infinitive & participle constructions
9. Grammar 9: Register, nuance & false friends
10. Grammar 10: Essay & translation technique

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1. Grammar 1: Tense-system consolidation
2. Grammar 2: Future and conditional
3. Grammar 3: Pronouns in depth
4. Grammar 4: The present subjunctive
5. Grammar 5: The subjunctive II
6. Grammar 6: Si-clauses & reported speech
7. Grammar 7: The passive
8. Grammar 8: Infinitive & participle constructions
9. Grammar 9: Register, nuance & false friends
10. Grammar 10: Essay & translation technique

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1. A1–A2 — Unity and diversity: molecules and cells
2. A3–A4 — Unity and diversity: organisms and ecosystems
3. B1–B2 — Form and function: molecules and cells
4. B3–B4 — Form and function: organisms and ecosystems
5. C1 — Interaction and interdependence: enzymes, respiration and photosynthesis
6. C2–C3 — Interaction and interdependence: signalling, body systems and defence
7. C4 — Interaction and interdependence: populations and ecosystems
8. D1–D2 — Continuity and change: molecules and cells
9. D3–D4 — Continuity and change: organisms and ecosystems

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1. A1 — Unity and diversity: molecules
2. A2 — Unity and diversity: cells
3. A3–A4 — Unity and diversity: organisms and ecosystems
4. B1 — Form and function: molecules
5. B2 — Form and function: cells
6. B3–B4 — Form and function: organisms and ecosystems
7. C1 — Interaction and interdependence: enzymes, respiration and photosynthesis
8. C2 — Interaction and interdependence: cell signalling
9. C3 — Interaction and interdependence: body systems and defence
10. C4 — Interaction and interdependence: populations and ecosystems
11. D1 — Continuity and change: molecules
12. D2 — Continuity and change: cells
13. D3 — Continuity and change: organisms
14. D4 — Continuity and change: ecosystems

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1. Introduction to Business Management
2. Human Resource Management
3. Finance and Accounts
4. Marketing
5. Operations Management

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1. Introduction to Business Management
2. Human Resource Management
3. Finance and Accounts
4. Marketing
5. Operations Management
6. HL Extension: Business Strategy and Decision Making

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1. Structure 1.1–1.3 — particles, the nuclear atom and electron configurations What's in the bubbles of boiling water?
2. Structure 1.4–1.5 — counting particles by mass; ideal gases How many water molecules are in a single drop of water?
3. Structure 2 — models of bonding and structure Salt is made of charged particles. So why doesn't a salt crystal conduct electricity?
4. Structure 3.1 — the periodic table and periodicity Why is helium in group 18 when its atoms have only two electrons?
5. Structure 3.2 — functional groups How can C₂H₆O be both a liquid and a gas at room temperature?
6. Reactivity 1 — what drives reactions When a cold pack goes cold, has the chemical inside lost energy or gained it?
7. Reactivity 2.1 — the amount of chemical change Can burning 1 kg of charcoal really make more than 3 kg of carbon dioxide?
8. Reactivity 2.2 & 2.3 — rate and extent of reaction A speed camera clocks a car at one instant. How do you clock a reaction at one instant?
9. Reactivity 3.1 — proton transfer reactions Is water an acid or a base?
10. Reactivity 3.2 — electron transfer reactions When iron rusts, does it gain or lose electrons?
11. Reactivity 3.3 & 3.4 — electron sharing and electron-pair sharing Why does bromine in hexane stay orange in the dark but lose its colour in sunlight?

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1. Structure 1.1–1.3 — particles, the nuclear atom and electron configurations What's in the bubbles of boiling water?
2. Structure 1.4–1.5 — counting particles by mass; ideal gases How many water molecules are in a single drop of water?
3. Structure 2 — models of bonding and structure Salt is made of charged particles. So why doesn't a salt crystal conduct electricity?
4. Structure 3.1 — the periodic table and periodicity Why is helium in group 18 when its atoms have only two electrons?
5. Structure 3.2 — functional groups How can C₂H₆O be both a liquid and a gas at room temperature?
6. Reactivity 1 — what drives reactions When a cold pack goes cold, has the chemical inside lost energy or gained it?
7. Reactivity 1.2 & 1.4 (AHL) — energy cycles, entropy and Gibbs energy Carbon and hydrogen don't combine cleanly to make methane. So how does the data booklet know its ΔH⦵f?
8. Reactivity 2.1 — the amount of chemical change Can burning 1 kg of charcoal really make more than 3 kg of carbon dioxide?
9. Reactivity 2.2 & 2.3 — rate and extent of reaction A speed camera clocks a car at one instant. How do you clock a reaction at one instant?
10. Reactivity 2.2 & 2.3 (AHL) — rate laws, mechanisms and Kc Why doesn't adding more bromine speed up the bromination of propanone?
11. Reactivity 3.1 — proton transfer reactions Is water an acid or a base?
12. Reactivity 3.1 (AHL) — Ka, Kb, buffers and pH curves What is the pH of boiling pure water?
13. Reactivity 3.2 — electron transfer reactions When iron rusts, does it gain or lose electrons?
14. Reactivity 3.2 (AHL) — electrode potentials and electrolysis How can you measure the voltage of half a battery, when a voltmeter needs two connections?
15. Reactivity 3.3 & 3.4 — electron sharing and electron-pair sharing Why does bromine in hexane stay orange in the dark but lose its colour in sunlight?

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1. System Fundamentals
2. Computer Organisation
3. Networks
4. Computational Thinking
5. Resource Management
6. Control

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1. System Fundamentals
2. Computer Organisation
3. Networks
4. Computational Thinking
5. Abstract Data Structures
6. Resource Management
7. Control
8. Object Oriented Programming

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1. Human Factors & Ergonomics
2. Resource Management & Sustainable Production
3. Modelling
4. Final Production
5. Innovation & Design
6. Classic Design

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1. Human Factors & Ergonomics
2. Resource Management & Sustainable Production
3. Modelling
4. Final Production
5. Innovation & Design
6. Classic Design
7. User Centred Design
8. Sustainability
9. Innovation & Markets
10. Commercial Production

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1. Introduction to Economics
2. Microeconomics
3. Macroeconomics
4. The Global Economy

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1. Introduction to Economics
2. Microeconomics
3. Macroeconomics
4. The Global Economy
5. HL Extension Topics and Quantitative Analysis

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1. Readers, Writers and Texts
2. Time and Space
3. Intertextuality: Connecting Texts
4. Individual Oral
5. Paper 1: Guided Literary Analysis
6. Paper 2: Comparative Essay

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1. Readers, Writers and Texts
2. Time and Space
3. Intertextuality: Connecting Texts
4. Individual Oral
5. Paper 1: Guided Literary Analysis
6. Paper 2: Comparative Essay
7. HL Essay

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1. Foundations of Environmental Systems and Societies
2. Ecosystems and Ecology
3. Biodiversity and Conservation
4. Water and Aquatic Food Production Systems
5. Soil Systems and Terrestrial Food Production
6. Atmospheric Systems and Societies
7. Climate Change and Energy Production
8. Human Systems and Resource Use

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1. Foundations of Environmental Systems and Societies
2. Ecosystems and Ecology
3. Biodiversity and Conservation
4. Water and Aquatic Food Production Systems
5. Soil Systems and Terrestrial Food Production
6. Atmospheric Systems and Societies
7. Climate Change and Energy Production
8. Human Systems and Resource Use
9. Environmental Law
10. Environmental and Ecological Economics
11. Environmental Ethics

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1. Grammar 1: Tense-system consolidation
2. Grammar 2: Future and conditional
3. Grammar 3: Pronouns in depth
4. Grammar 4: The present subjunctive
5. Grammar 5: The subjunctive II
6. Grammar 6: Si-clauses & reported speech
7. Grammar 7: The passive
8. Grammar 8: Infinitive & participle constructions
9. Grammar 9: Literary tenses & register
10. Grammar 10: Essay & translation technique

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1. Grammar 1: Tense-system consolidation
2. Grammar 2: Future and conditional
3. Grammar 3: Pronouns in depth
4. Grammar 4: The present subjunctive
5. Grammar 5: The subjunctive II
6. Grammar 6: Si-clauses & reported speech
7. Grammar 7: The passive
8. Grammar 8: Infinitive & participle constructions
9. Grammar 9: Literary tenses & register
10. Grammar 10: Essay & translation technique

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1. Geographic themes — Option A: Freshwater At any moment, rivers hold only about 0.006% of Earth's fresh water. So how does a river keep flowing through weeks without rain?
2. Geographic themes — Option B: Oceans and coastal margins The Gulf Stream carries more water than all the world's rivers combined. Is that why north-west Europe has mild winters?
3. Geographic themes — Option C: Extreme environments Antarctica is covered in ice, yet it counts as a desert. How?
4. Geographic themes — Option D: Geophysical hazards The Atlantic is about 2.5 cm wider every year. What moves the plates?
5. Geographic themes — Option E: Leisure, tourism and sport UK residents made about three times as many trips abroad as Indian nationals did in 2025, yet India has about 21 times as many people. Why?
6. Geographic themes — Option F: Food and health In 2023 the world's food supply came to about 3,000 calories per person per day. So why did around 645 million people go hungry in 2025?
7. Geographic themes — Option G: Urban environments In Denmark, 200 people can make a place urban. In Japan it takes 50,000. So how urban is the world?
8. Core — Unit 1: Changing population Why do more than 9 in 10 people in China live on one side of a single line?
9. Core — Unit 2: Global climate, vulnerability and resilience In 1991 one volcano in the Philippines cooled the whole planet. How?
10. Core — Unit 3: Global resource consumption and security In 1990, two in three people in East Asia and the Pacific lived in extreme poverty. By 2025, fewer than 1 in 50 did. So why did the number of extremely poor people in sub-Saharan Africa rise?
11. Internal assessment — Fieldwork report
12. Geographic Themes: Freshwater / Oceans & Coastal Margins / Extreme Environments / Geophysical Hazards / Leisure, Tourism & Sport / Food & Health / Urban Environments
13. Geographic Perspectives: Global Change (Population Distribution, Global Climate, Global Resource Consumption)

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1. Geographic themes — Option A: Freshwater At any moment, rivers hold only about 0.006% of Earth's fresh water. So how does a river keep flowing through weeks without rain?
2. Geographic themes — Option B: Oceans and coastal margins The Gulf Stream carries more water than all the world's rivers combined. Is that why north-west Europe has mild winters?
3. Geographic themes — Option C: Extreme environments Antarctica is covered in ice, yet it counts as a desert. How?
4. Geographic themes — Option D: Geophysical hazards The Atlantic is about 2.5 cm wider every year. What moves the plates?
5. Geographic themes — Option E: Leisure, tourism and sport UK residents made about three times as many trips abroad as Indian nationals did in 2025, yet India has about 21 times as many people. Why?
6. Geographic themes — Option F: Food and health In 2023 the world's food supply came to about 3,000 calories per person per day. So why did around 645 million people go hungry in 2025?
7. Geographic themes — Option G: Urban environments In Denmark, 200 people can make a place urban. In Japan it takes 50,000. So how urban is the world?
8. Core — Unit 1: Changing population Why do more than 9 in 10 people in China live on one side of a single line?
9. Core — Unit 2: Global climate, vulnerability and resilience In 1991 one volcano in the Philippines cooled the whole planet. How?
10. Core — Unit 3: Global resource consumption and security In 1990, two in three people in East Asia and the Pacific lived in extreme poverty. By 2025, fewer than 1 in 50 did. So why did the number of extremely poor people in sub-Saharan Africa rise?
11. HL core extension — Unit 4: Power, places and networks The Netherlands tops the KOF Globalisation Index. The USA, the world's largest economy at market exchange rates, ranks 28th. How can that be?
12. HL core extension — Unit 5: Human development and diversity Guyana's income per person is more than three and a half times Sri Lanka's. Why do they have exactly the same HDI?
13. HL core extension — Unit 6: Global risks and resilience On 12 May 2017, at least 81 of England's 236 NHS trusts were disrupted on the same day. Nobody broke into a single building. What happened?
14. Internal assessment — Fieldwork report
15. Geographic Themes (Three from the SL list)
16. Geographic Perspectives: Global Change
17. HL Core Extension: Global Interactions (Power, Places & Networks; Human Development & Diversity; Global Risks & Resilience)

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1. Grammar 1: Cases and articles
2. Grammar 2: Word order
3. Grammar 3: Adjective endings
4. Grammar 4: The tense system
5. Grammar 5: Modal verbs and infinitive constructions
6. Grammar 6: Prepositions and cases
7. Grammar 7: Konjunktiv II and the conditional
8. Grammar 8: Konjunktiv I and reported speech
9. Grammar 9: The passive
10. Grammar 10: Relative clauses, essay and translation technique

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1. Grammar 1: Cases and articles
2. Grammar 2: Word order
3. Grammar 3: Adjective endings
4. Grammar 4: The tense system
5. Grammar 5: Modal verbs and infinitive constructions
6. Grammar 6: Prepositions and cases
7. Grammar 7: Konjunktiv II and the conditional
8. Grammar 8: Konjunktiv I and reported speech
9. Grammar 9: The passive
10. Grammar 10: Relative clauses, essay and translation technique

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1. Prescribed Subject: Military Leaders / Conquest & its Impact / Move to Global War / Rights & Protest / Conflict & Intervention
2. World History Topic: Society & Economy 750-1400
3. World History Topic: Causes & Effects of 20th-Century Wars
4. World History Topic: Authoritarian States (20th Century)
5. World History Topic: Independence Movements 1800-2000
6. Internal Assessment: Historical Investigation

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1. Prescribed Subject (same as SL)
2. World History Topics (two, same as SL)
3. HL Regional Option: History of Africa & the Middle East
4. HL Regional Option: History of the Americas
5. HL Regional Option: History of Asia & Oceania
6. HL Regional Option: History of Europe
7. Internal Assessment: Historical Investigation

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1. Number & Algebra How many cells laid end to end would cross the Milky Way?
2. Functions Two taxis, two price lines: when does the cheaper one switch?
3. Geometry & Trigonometry What's the longest pencil that fits in a 20 × 12 × 9 cm box?
4. Statistics & Probability A gym survey finds 90% of people exercise daily. What went wrong?
5. Calculus A car's distance graph curves. How fast is it at exactly 3 s?

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1. Number & Algebra How many cells laid end to end would cross the Milky Way?
2. Functions Two taxis, two price lines: when does the cheaper one switch?
3. Geometry & Trigonometry What's the longest pencil that fits in a 20 × 12 × 9 cm box?
4. Statistics & Probability A gym survey finds 90% of people exercise daily. What went wrong?
5. Calculus A car's distance graph curves. How fast is it at exactly 3 s?
6. Complex Numbers x² = −1 has no real solution. Is inventing one just cheating?
7. Further Calculus & Differential Equations What is (sin x)/x at x = 0? Your calculator says error.
8. Proof Why does toppling one domino prove a formula for every n?
9. Vectors How can one number tell you if two directions are at right angles?

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1. Number & Algebra How many cells laid end to end would cross the Milky Way?
2. Functions & Modelling Two taxis, two price lines: when does the cheaper one switch?
3. Geometry & Trigonometry What's the longest pencil that fits in a 20 × 12 × 9 cm box?
4. Statistics & Probability A gym survey finds 90% of people exercise daily. What went wrong?
5. Calculus A car's distance graph curves. How fast is it at exactly 3 s?

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1. Number & Algebra How many cells laid end to end would cross the Milky Way?
2. Functions & Modelling Two taxis, two price lines: when does the cheaper one switch?
3. Geometry & Trigonometry What's the longest pencil that fits in a 20 × 12 × 9 cm box?
4. Statistics & Probability A gym survey finds 90% of people exercise daily. What went wrong?
5. Calculus A car's distance graph curves. How fast is it at exactly 3 s?
6. Differential Equations & Numerical Methods A population grows in proportion to its size. What equation is that?
7. HL Statistics A survey says students sleep 7.1 ± 0.2 hours. What does ± promise?
8. Matrices & Graph Theory Three receipts, three unknown prices: how does one matrix find them?

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1. Exploring Music in Context
2. Experimenting with Music
3. Presenting Music
4. Areas of Inquiry: Music for Sociocultural and Political Expression
5. Areas of Inquiry: Music for Listening and Performance
6. Areas of Inquiry: Music for Dramatic Impact, Movement and Entertainment
7. Areas of Inquiry: Music Technology in the Electronic and Digital Age

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1. Exploring Music in Context
2. Experimenting with Music
3. Presenting Music
4. The Contemporary Music Maker (HL Project)
5. Areas of Inquiry: Music for Sociocultural and Political Expression
6. Areas of Inquiry: Music for Listening and Performance
7. Areas of Inquiry: Music for Dramatic Impact, Movement and Entertainment
8. Areas of Inquiry: Music Technology in the Electronic and Digital Age

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1. Theme A.1 Kinematics
2. Theme A.2 Forces and momentum
3. Theme A.3 Work, energy and power
4. Theme B.1 Thermal energy transfers
5. Theme B.3 Gas laws
6. Theme B.5 Current and circuits
7. Theme C.1 Simple harmonic motion
8. Themes C.2–C.5 Wave behaviour
9. Themes D.1–D.3 Fields
10. Themes E.1, E.3–E.5 Atoms, decay, fission and fusion

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1. Theme A.1 Kinematics
2. Theme A.2 Forces and momentum
3. Theme A.3 Work, energy and power
4. Theme A.4 Rigid body mechanics (HL)
5. Theme A.5 Galilean & special relativity (HL)
6. Theme B.1 Thermal energy transfers
7. Theme B.3 Gas laws
8. Theme B.4 Thermodynamics (HL)
9. Theme B.5 Current and circuits
10. Theme C.1 Simple harmonic motion
11. Themes C.2–C.5 Wave behaviour
12. Themes D.1–D.3 Fields
13. Theme D.4 Induction (HL)
14. Themes E.1, E.3–E.5 Atoms, decay, fission and fusion
15. Theme E.2 Quantum physics (HL)

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1. Core Concepts
2. Biological Approach to Behaviour
3. Cognitive Approach to Behaviour
4. Sociocultural Approach to Behaviour
5. Research Methodology
6. Context: Health and Well-Being
7. Context: Human Development
8. Context: Human Relationships
9. Context: Learning and Cognition
10. Approaches to research
11. The option

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1. Core Concepts
2. Biological Approach to Behaviour
3. Cognitive Approach to Behaviour
4. Sociocultural Approach to Behaviour
5. Research Methodology
6. Context: Health and Well-Being
7. Context: Human Development
8. Context: Human Relationships
9. Context: Learning and Cognition
10. HL Extension: Culture, Motivation and Technology
11. HL Extension: Data Analysis and Interpretation
12. Approaches to research
13. The option
14. Qualitative research methods (HL extension)

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1. What is Anthropology? (Key Concepts)
2. Anthropological Practice (Methods & Ethics)
3. Engaging with Anthropological Material (Ethnographies)
4. Internal Assessment: Critical Engagement with an Ethnographic Account

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1. What is Anthropology?
2. Anthropological Practice
3. Engaging with Anthropological Material
4. HL Extension: Theoretical Perspectives in Anthropology
5. Internal Assessment: Critical Engagement
6. HL Essay: Reflexive Engagement with Anthropology

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1. Engaging with Anthropological Material (Ethnographies)
2. Anthropological Practice (Methods & Ethics)
3. Internal Assessment: Critical Engagement with an Ethnographic Account
4. Moved: Sl Social Cultural Anthropology What Is Anthropology Key Concepts

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1. Engaging with Anthropological Material
2. Anthropological Practice
3. HL Extension: Theoretical Perspectives in Anthropology
4. Internal Assessment: Critical Engagement
5. HL Essay: Reflexive Engagement with Anthropology
6. Moved: Hl Social Cultural Anthropology What Is Anthropology

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1. Grammar 1: Tense-system consolidation
2. Grammar 2: Future and conditional
3. Grammar 3: Pronouns in depth
4. Grammar 4: The present subjunctive
5. Grammar 5: The subjunctive II
6. Grammar 6: Si-clauses & reported speech
7. Grammar 7: The passive
8. Grammar 8: Infinitive & participle constructions
9. Grammar 9: Register, nuance & false friends
10. Grammar 10: Essay & translation technique

Course page · Open in the finder · All six Velvet stages · Teachers: assign this course

1. Grammar 1: Tense-system consolidation
2. Grammar 2: Future and conditional
3. Grammar 3: Pronouns in depth
4. Grammar 4: The present subjunctive
5. Grammar 5: The subjunctive II
6. Grammar 6: Si-clauses & reported speech
7. Grammar 7: The passive
8. Grammar 8: Infinitive & participle constructions
9. Grammar 9: Register, nuance & false friends
10. Grammar 10: Essay & translation technique

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1. Introduction to Religions (Two from: Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, Sikhism, Baha'i, Jainism, Taoism, Indigenous Religions)
2. Religious Experience
3. Religious Practices & Rituals
4. Internal Assessment: Investigative Study of a Religious Practice

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1. Reading How can you know what a writer never says?
2. Writing Why might Ellie's message get nowhere?
3. Grammar and vocabulary Is watch a noun or a verb?
4. Spoken English How do you stop listeners getting lost?

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1. Locational knowledge Can somewhere this cold be a desert?
2. Place knowledge Why isn't Nairobi boiling hot?
3. Human and physical geography What can one freezing day tell you?
4. Geographical skills and fieldwork How do you name one exact spot on a map?

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1. The development of Church, state and society in Medieval Britain 1066-1509 How did so few Normans control England?
2. The development of Church, state and society in Britain 1509-1745 What really drove Henry's break with Rome?
3. Ideas, political power, industry and empire: Britain, 1745-1901 How fast did the Industrial Revolution happen?
4. Challenges for Britain, Europe and the wider world 1901 to the present day Why did war break out in 1914?

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1. Number Is 0.65 bigger than 0.7? It has more digits.
2. Algebra Is 3a + 2 equal to 14 or 18 when a is 4?
3. Ratio, proportion and rates of change Squash mixed 1 to 4: what fraction is squash?
4. Geometry and measures Same length of fence. Same amount of grass?
5. Probability Two outcomes: is it always fifty-fifty?
6. Statistics Is the mean always the fairest average?

Course page · Open in the finder · All six Velvet stages · Teachers: assign this course

1. Biology — Structure and function of living organisms Why does a red blood cell have no nucleus?
2. Biology — Material cycles and energy Where does a plant's food come from?
3. Biology — Interactions and interdependencies What do rabbits have to do with oak trees?
4. Biology — Genetics and evolution Same parents. Why aren't brothers and sisters the same?
5. Chemistry — The particulate nature of matter Why are ice, water and steam so different?
6. Chemistry — Atoms, elements and compounds Why is salt safe to eat?
7. Chemistry — Pure and impure substances Is clear salty water pure?
8. Chemistry — Chemical reactions Is mass destroyed when a candle burns?
9. Chemistry — Energetics Where does the energy go?
10. Chemistry — The periodic table How could Mendeleev describe elements nobody had found?
11. Chemistry — Materials Why is gold found as metal, but iron is locked in rock?
12. Chemistry — Earth and atmosphere How did limestone become marble?
13. Physics — Energy What really happens when you “use” energy?
14. Physics — Motion and forces Two trains pass: how fast is the other one going?
15. Physics — Waves Why would a space battle be silent?
16. Physics — Electricity and electromagnetism Does a lamp use up current?
17. Physics — Matter Is wood heavier than steel?
18. Physics — Space physics Would you be lighter on the Moon?

Course page · Open in the finder · All six Velvet stages · Teachers: assign this course