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CCEA A-level Geography ยท A2 2 Option C ยท Ethnic Diversity
Mini-Lesson

A2 Option: Ethnic Diversity

This mini-lesson covers A2 2 Option C - Ethnic Diversity: how ethnicity is defined, the processes that create and maintain ethnic diversity and its outcomes, and the causes, nature and outcomes of ethnic conflict.

This is one of four A2 2 options; you study two. Answer each question to unlock the next screen. Press Start.

Defining ethnicity

What defines ethnicity

Ethnicity is defined by factors including race, nationality, language and religion. Perceived ethnic and social identity is also influenced by role, residential concentration, age and gender.

Ethnic identity is partly self-defined and partly ascribed by others, and it varies with place and time.

Quick check

Defining ethnicity

?Which set of factors does CCEA use to define ethnicity?
Creating and maintaining diversity

Processes and outcomes

Creating ethnic diversity:

  • Colonisation, annexation and international migration bring different groups together.

Maintaining ethnic diversity:

  • Segregation - groups living apart.
  • Multiculturalism - groups coexisting while retaining identity.

The economic, social and spatial outcomes of diversity are studied through case studies such as an ethnically diverse city (for example Jerusalem or Belfast), treated qualitatively.

Calculate

Calculate โ€” location quotient

1An ethnic group makes up 20% of one city ward but only 5% of the whole city. Calculate the location quotient (ward proportion รท city proportion).
LQ
Hint: LQ = 0.20 รท 0.05. A high value shows strong residential concentration.
Sort it

Sort the process or outcome

Tap a term, then tap the correct group.

๐ŸŒ Creates diversity

๐Ÿงฑ Maintains diversity

โš”๏ธ Conflict outcome

Quick check

Segregation vs multiculturalism

?Which pair correctly distinguishes two processes that maintain ethnic diversity?
Ethnic conflict

Causes, nature and outcomes

Causes of ethnic conflict include territorial disputes, historical animosities, racism, sectarianism, cultural conflicts, human rights abuses and discrimination.

Nature ranges from civil disobedience to civil war and terrorism.

Outcomes include social and economic impacts, territorial division, autonomy, ethnic cleansing, international intervention and peace processes. CCEA uses a national case study (for example Israel or Sri Lanka), treated qualitatively.

Keep it honest: handle sensitive case studies carefully and evaluate causes and outcomes qualitatively - do not invent casualty figures.

Match it

Match the conflict term

Tap an item on the left, then its matching partner on the right.

Term
Meaning
Quick check

Nature of conflict

?Peaceful, deliberate refusal to obey certain laws as a form of protest is called:
Quick check

A conflict outcome

?Which of the following is an outcome of ethnic conflict?
Recap

The big ideas to know

Defining: race, nationality, language, religion; plus role, residential concentration, age, gender

Creating: colonisation, annexation, international migration

Maintaining: segregation and multiculturalism; economic, social and spatial outcomes

Conflict: causes (territorial, historical, racism, sectarianism); nature (disobedience, civil war, terrorism); outcomes (division, autonomy, peace processes)

You have covered A2 2 Option C. Press Finish for your score.

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