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IB Diploma History HL Β· World History Topics (Paper 2)
Mini-Lesson

World History Topics (Paper 2)

HL and SL sit the same Paper 2. This mini-lesson gives you the whole menu β€” the twelve world history topics β€” plus the comparative essay technique that earns marks.

You choose two topics and write two essays in 1 hour 30 minutes, each marked out of 15. Master the format here, then apply it to your chosen topics. Collect ⭐ stars, then press Start.

Paper 2 Β· format

How Paper 2 works

Paper 2 lasts 1 hour 30 minutes. You answer two essay questions, each from a different world history topic, each marked out of 15 (total 30). It is the same paper for SL and HL.

The twelve topics

The twelve world history topics

You study two of these twelve:

  • Society and economy (750-1400)
  • Causes and effects of medieval wars (750-1500)
  • Dynasties and rulers (750-1500)
  • Societies in transition (1400-1700)
  • Early Modern states (1450-1789)
  • Causes and effects of Early Modern wars (1500-1750)
  • Origins and impact of industrialization (1750-2005)
  • Independence movements (1800-2000)
  • Evolution of democratic states (1848-2000)
  • Authoritarian states (20th century)
  • Causes and effects of 20th-century wars
  • The Cold War: superpower tensions (20th century)
Quick check

The format

?On Paper 2 you must write:
Comparative thinking

Why comparison is the key skill

Each topic is thematic and comparative: questions ask you to analyse an idea (causes, methods, effects) across examples from different regions. A response resting on a single country rarely reaches the top bands.

Region rule

Draw on more than one region

Wherever a question allows, use examples from at least two regions β€” for instance comparing authoritarian rule in Germany and China, or 20th-century wars in Europe and Asia. This demonstrates genuine world-historical range.

Quick check

Best practice

?A top-band Paper 2 essay draws examples from:
Sort it

Which era?

Sort each world history topic into its broad period.

🏰 Medieval (750-1500)

βš“ Early Modern (1400-1800)

🏭 Modern (1800-2000)

Argument

Thesis and structure

Open with a clear thesis that answers the exact question. Structure thematically, not chronologically, so each paragraph develops an analytical point supported by specific, dated evidence, and build toward a reasoned judgement.

Quick check

How many topics?

?Of the twelve world history topics, how many do you study for the exam?
Match it

Match the essay skill

Tap an item on the left, then its match on the right.

Skill
Meaning
Historiography

Using historians

Strong answers show awareness of historiography β€” how different historians have interpreted the past β€” and weigh those interpretations rather than merely quoting them. Even a brief, accurate reference to a school of thought lifts an essay.

Command terms

Reading the question

Watch the command term: "Evaluate", "To what extent", "Compare and contrast", "Examine". Each demands analysis and a judgement β€” never just description. Underline it and answer it directly.

Quick check

Define it

?"Historiography" means:
Order it

Order these modern turning points

Tap the events in sequence, earliest first.

Exam craft

Timing and planning

Split your time evenly: roughly 40-45 minutes per essay, with a quick plan first. A short plan that fixes your thesis and three thematic points prevents drift and keeps both essays balanced.

Recap

The big ideas to take away

Format: 1h30, two 15-mark essays from two of twelve topics (SL and HL alike)

Topics: twelve thematic topics from 750 CE to the 20th century

Key skill: compare across regions, not within one country

Argument: thesis, thematic structure, dated evidence, judgement

Extra marks: engage historiography and answer the command term directly

You now know the Paper 2 menu and the comparative technique it rewards. Press Finish to see your score.

πŸ†

Mini-lesson complete!

⭐⭐⭐

You’ve worked through World History Topics (Paper 2) for IB Diploma History HL. πŸŽ‰

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