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A-Level Physics Revision

Mechanics

Kinematics, Newton's laws, momentum, work, energy and power, and circular motion.

Quick check · one tap
In a collision between two objects, what quantity is always conserved (in a closed system)?

Mechanics is a core part of A-Level Physics. Revise the key concepts and common mistakes below, then lock them in with the free games.

Key concepts

MomentumProduct of mass and velocity: p = mv.
ImpulseChange in momentum: J = F·t = Δp.
ElasticCollision where kinetic energy is conserved.
InelasticCollision losing kinetic energy (often to heat).
Perfectly inelasticObjects stick together after collision.
ConservationTotal momentum before equals total after.
Newton's 1st LawBody stays at rest or constant velocity if F_net=0.
Newton's 2nd LawF_net = ma; force gives proportional acceleration.
Newton's 3rd LawEvery action has equal and opposite reaction.
WeightGravitational force on a mass: W = mg.
Normal forceContact force perpendicular to surface.
TensionPulling force transmitted through a string.
ScalarQuantity with magnitude only, no direction.
VectorQuantity with magnitude and direction.

What your exam board covers

Where Mechanics sits in each exam board's specification. Tap a board to see what it lists.

AQAFurther mechanics and thermal physics (A-level only)Spec 7408
  • Periodic motion (circular motion and simple harmonic motion)
  • Thermal physics (ideal gases and molecular kinetic theory)

Source: AQA A-level Physics (7408) specification — Subject content, accessed 23 June 2026.

AQAMechanics and materialsSpec 7408
  • Force, energy and momentum
  • Materials

Source: AQA A-level Physics (7408) specification — Subject content, accessed 23 June 2026.

EdexcelFurther mechanicsSpec 9PH0
  • Impulse and conservation of momentum
  • Circular motion and centripetal force

Source: Pearson Edexcel A-Level Physics (9PH0) specification, accessed 23 June 2026.

EdexcelMechanicsSpec 9PH0
  • Motion, vectors and projectiles
  • Forces and Newton's laws
  • Momentum and moments
  • Work, energy and power

Source: Pearson Edexcel A-Level Physics (9PH0) specification, accessed 23 June 2026.

Learn Mechanics step by step

Free interactive mini-lessons: short screens, worked examples and quick checks. Pick your exam board:

Other boards:CCEAEduqas/WJECOCR

Common mistakes to avoid

Questions where students often pick the tempting wrong answer — make sure you know the right one:

In a collision between two objects, what quantity is always conserved (in a closed system)?✗ Kinetic energy is always conserved in collisions because energy is conserved.   ✓ Total momentum is always conserved; kinetic energy is only conserved in elastic collisions.
When energy is 'lost' as heat due to friction, what has really happened?✗ Energy has been used up and no longer exists.   ✓ Energy has been transferred to the thermal store of the surroundings — it's not destroyed, just dissipated.
If an object is moving at constant velocity in a straight line, what is the net force on it?✗ There must be a forward force on the object to keep it moving.   ✓ Zero — by Newton's first law, constant velocity requires zero net force.
When you push a wall, what does Newton's third law say about the wall?✗ The wall only pushes back if your force is strong enough to make it react.   ✓ The wall exerts an equal and opposite force on you at the same instant.

Practise Mechanics — free games

Test yourself with these quick revision games for this topic:

See all 22 games in the Revision Arcade →

More A-Level Physics topics

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100 AI Prompts for A-Level Physics

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