Approaches in Psychology is a core part of A-Level Psychology. Revise the key concepts and common mistakes below, then lock them in with the free games.
Key concepts
Self-ActualisationMaslow — reaching one's full potential.
Hierarchy of NeedsMaslow's five-tier pyramid from physiological to self-actualisation.
CongruenceRogers — closeness between self and ideal self.
Conditions of WorthConditional approval shaping self-concept.
Vicarious ReinforcementLearning from observed consequences for others.
Questions where students often pick the tempting wrong answer — make sure you know the right one:
According to Maslow, when can self-actualisation be achieved?✗ Anyone can self-actualise at any time through willpower.✓ Only after lower deficiency needs are largely met.
What is the behaviourist view on the nature-nurture debate?✗ Both nature and nurture equally.✓ Strongly nurture - we are shaped by environmental conditioning.
What is vicarious reinforcement?✗ Being directly rewarded for copying someone.✓ Learning by observing the consequences others receive for behaviour.
Which part of the psyche operates on the reality principle?✗ The superego (moral principle).✓ The ego.
Practise Approaches in Psychology — free games
Test yourself with these quick revision games for this topic:
