A-Level Maths Revision

Mechanics

Kinematics, Newton's laws of motion, forces, moments and projectile motion.

Mechanics is a core part of A-Level Maths. Revise the key concepts and common mistakes below, then lock them in with the free games.

Key concepts

Newton's first lawA body remains at rest or moves with constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force.
Newton's second lawF = ma. Resultant force on a body equals mass times acceleration. Vector equation.
Newton's third lawEvery action has an equal and opposite reaction. Forces come in pairs on different bodies.
Weight & massMass m is amount of matter (kg). Weight W = mg (newtons). On Earth, g ≈ 9.8 N/kg.
FrictionF ≤ μR (where R = normal reaction, μ = coefficient of friction). Limiting friction reached when motion impending.
Resolving forcesSplit forces into perpendicular components (e.g., horizontal/vertical or along/perpendicular to inclined plane).
Place valueThe value of a digit depends on its position.
Integers & negativesWhole numbers including negatives; rules for + − × ÷.
Primes & factorsPrime numbers, factors, multiples, HCF and LCM.
Order of operationsBIDMAS: brackets, indices, division/multiplication, addition/subtraction.
Rounding & estimationRounding to decimal places or significant figures.
Standard formWriting very large or small numbers as A × 10ⁿ.
SUVAT variabless = displacement, u = initial velocity, v = final velocity, a = acceleration, t = time.
v = u +Final velocity after time t under constant acceleration.

Common mistakes to avoid

Questions where students often pick the tempting wrong answer — make sure you know the right one:

How do you decide the order of operations?✗ Always strictly left to right.   ✓ Brackets, indices, then ×/÷, then +/− (BIDMAS).
If you divide both sides of an inequality by -2, what happens to the inequality sign?✗ The inequality sign stays the same — you treat it like an equation.   ✓ The inequality sign reverses (e.g. > becomes <).
What is the value of x^0 (for x not equal to zero)?✗ x^0 equals 0 because raising something to the zero gives nothing.   ✓ 1 — any non-zero number to the power of zero equals 1.

Practise Mechanics — free games

Test yourself with these quick revision games for this topic:

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